刘金宝,惠涛
Liu Jinbao,Hui Tao

• 1:延长油田股份有限公司子长采油厂
• 2:陕西延长石油国际能源化工有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

为了探讨致密砂岩储层微观孔喉结构非均质性对流体可动性和水驱渗流特征的影响，选取鄂尔多斯盆地定边地区延长组长7段13块样品，采用高压压汞和核磁共振对不同孔喉尺度下的非均质性及流体可动性进行定量表征，设计并开展高温高压微观可视化水驱油实验，明确水驱渗流特征及其主控因素。结果表明：研究区致密砂岩储层孔喉结构可划分Ⅰ―Ⅳ共4类，相应的孔喉非均质性逐渐增强，油水渗流路径由均匀状和网状驱替逐渐变为指状-网状和指状驱替，流体可动性和驱油效率依次降低；全孔径孔喉分布呈多重分形特征，基于分形拐点可将储层孔喉空间分为大、中和小孔喉，对应分形维数依次降低，其中中孔喉为可动流体的优势赋存空间；微观孔喉结构非均质性是制约储层流体可动性和驱油效率的关键因素，控制着流体的赋存形态、渗流通道及残余油分布；黏土矿物含量升高会加剧孔喉结构非均质性、降低储层物性及流体可动性，导致残余油连续分布和驱油效率下降。研究成果可作为该地区致密油储层分类评价和注水开发的重要依据。
To investigate the influence of microscopic pore-throat structure heterogeneity on fluid mobility and waterflooding flow characteristics in tight sandstone reservoirs, 13 samples from Chang 7 Member of Yanchang Formation in Dingbian area of Ordos Basin are selected. High-pressure mercury injection and nuclear magnetic resonance are used to quantitatively characterize the heterogeneity and fluid mobility at different pore-throat scales. High-temperature and high-pressure microscopic visualization water flooding experiment is designed and conducted to clarify flow characteristics and their controlling factors. The results indicate that pore-throat structures of tight sandstone reservoirs in studied area can be classified into 4 types(Ⅰ-Ⅳ), with corresponding heterogeneity gradually increasing. Oil-water flow paths progressively change from uniform and network displacement to finger-network and finger displacement, while fluid mobility and oil displacement efficiency decrease sequentially. Full pore-throat size distribution exhibits multi-fractal characteristics. Based on fractal inflection points, the pore-throat space can be divided into large, medium and small pore throats, with corresponding fractal dimensions decreasing sequentially. Among them, medium pore throats serve as the dominant space for movable fluids. Microscopic pore-throat structure heterogeneity is a key factor restricting reservoir fluid mobility and oil displacement efficiency, controlling the fluid occurrence morphology, flow pathways, and remaining oil distribution. Furthermore, an increase in clay mineral content exacerbates pore-throat structure heterogeneity, reduces reservoir physical properties and fluid mobility, leading to continuous distribution of remaining oil and a decrease in oil displacement efficiency. The research can serve as an important basis for the classification, evaluation and water injection development of tight oil reservoirs in this area.

关键词(KeyWords)： 致密砂岩储层;孔喉结构非均质性;水驱油;流体可动性;驱油效率
tight sandstone reservoir;pore-throat structure heterogeneity;waterflooding;fluid mobility;oil displacement efficiency

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 陕西省科技发展计划项目“致密砂岩储层微观孔喉结构及薄膜流动对渗吸规律的影响”（2023-JC-YB-423）

作者(Author): 刘金宝,惠涛
Liu Jinbao,Hui Tao

DOI: 10.19597/J.ISSN.1000-3754.202510032

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