张磊,杜猛,代军,祁丽莎,万青山,刘红现,杨正明
Zhang Lei,Du Meng,Dai Jun,Qi Lisha,Wan Qingshan,Liu Hongxian,Yang Zhengming

• 1:中国石油新疆油田公司勘探开发研究院
• 2:昆明理工大学建筑工程学院
• 3:提高油气采收率全国重点实验室
• 4:中国石油新疆油田公司开发公司

摘要(Abstract)：

为了明确页岩油储层的微观动态应力敏感性及渗流响应特征，基于在线核磁共振技术，开展了增压补能和降压生产下的动态应力敏感实验，定量分析不同开发阶段下不同级别微尺度孔隙的动态应力敏感性及渗流演化特征。结果表明：页岩油储层增压补能时微米孔-裂缝的孔隙动态增幅可达11.70%～13.24%，亚微米孔隙动态增幅呈现先减小后增加的趋势；降压生产时微米孔-裂缝的孔隙动态降幅较为显著，呈现出最大的动态应力敏感性，其孔隙动态降幅可达6.53%～7.14%，且页岩渗流能力的降低幅度与其初始渗透率呈负相关关系；页岩增压补能过程可划分为小注入量下部分大孔喉的弹性闭合及大注入量下微裂缝的快速扩展和微孔喉恢复2个阶段，在降压生产过程中弹性孔喉及微裂缝渗流通道逐渐闭合是渗流能力显著降低的关键因素。研究成果可为页岩油的高效开发提供借鉴。
In order to clarify micro-dynamic stress sensitivity and flow response characteristics of shale oil reservoirs, dynamic stress sensitivity experiments during pressurization and energy replenishment, and depressurization production are conducted based on online nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) technology, quantitatively analyzing the dynamic stress sensitivity and flow evolution characteristics of pores at different micro-scale levels during various development stages. The results indicate that, the pore dynamic increase of micron-scale pores-fractures in shale oil reservoirs reaches 11.70% ～13.24% during pressurization and energy replenishment, while sub-micron pores shows a trend of decreasing first and then increasing. During depressurization production, the pore dynamic decline of micron-scale pores-fractures is more significant, exhibiting the highest dynamic stress sensitivity, with a decrease of 6.53%～7.14%. The decrease in shale flow capacity is negatively correlated with the initial permeability. The process of shale pressurization and energy replenishment can be divided into 2 stages, including elastic closure of partial large pore throats with low injection volume, and rapid expansion of micro-fractures and the recovery of micro-pore throats with high injection volume. The gradual closure of elastic pore throats and micro-fracture flow channels during depressurization production is the key factor for significant reduction of flow capacity. The research provides a reference for efficient development of shale oil.

关键词(KeyWords)： 页岩油;应力敏感性;核磁共振;渗流响应特征;物理模拟;采收率
shale oil;stress sensitivity;NMR;flow response characteristics;physical simulation;oil recovery

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家科技重大专项“低渗-超低渗油藏有效开发关键技术”（2017ZX05013）;; 中国石油天然气集团有限公司重大科技专项“利用大型油气藏埋存二氧化碳关键技术标准研究与应用”（2023YFF0614100）

作者(Author): 张磊,杜猛,代军,祁丽莎,万青山,刘红现,杨正明
Zhang Lei,Du Meng,Dai Jun,Qi Lisha,Wan Qingshan,Liu Hongxian,Yang Zhengming

DOI: 10.19597/J.ISSN.1000-3754.202507020

参考文献(References)：

• [1]袁士义，雷征东，李军诗，等.古龙页岩油有效开发关键理论技术问题与对策[J].石油勘探与开发，2023,50(3):562-572.Yuan Shiyi,Lei Zhengdong,Li Junshi,et al. Key theoretical and technical issues and countermeasures for effective development of Gulong shale oil,Daqing Oilfield,NE China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2023,50(3):562-572.
• [2]金之钧，王冠平，刘光祥，等.中国陆相页岩油研究进展与关键科学问题[J].石油学报，2021,42(7):821-835.Jin Zhijun,Wang Guanping,Liu Guangxiang, et al. Research progress and key scientific issues of continental shale oil in China[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2021,42(7):821-835.
• [3]Du Meng, Yang Zhengming, LüWeifeng, et al. Experimental study on microscopic production characteristics and influencing factors during dynamic imbibition of shale reservoir with online NMR and fractal theory[J]. Energy,2024,310:133244.
• [4]杨雪，廖锐全，袁旭，等.基于核磁共振技术的致密岩心高温高压自发渗吸实验[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2023,42(3):58-65.Yang Xue,Liao Ruiquan,Yuan Xu,et al. Spontaneous imbibition experiment in high-temperature and high-pressure for tight cores based on NMR technology[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2023,42(3):58-65.
• [5]赵国翔，姚约东，王链，等.页岩油藏微尺度流动特征及应力敏感性分析[J].断块油气田，2021,28(2):247-252.Zhao Guoxiang, Yao Yuedong, Wang Lian, et al. Microscale transport behaviors of shale oil and stress sensitivity analysis[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2021,28(2):247-252.
• [6]邹才能，马锋，潘松圻，等.全球页岩油形成分布潜力及中国陆相页岩油理论技术进展[J].地学前缘，2023,30(1):128-142.Zou Caineng,Ma Feng,Pan Songqi,et al.Formation and distribution potential of global shale oil and the developments of continental shale oil theory and technology in China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2023,30(1):128-142.
• [7]刘明，李彦婧，潘兰，等.南川地区页岩储层构造裂缝特征及其定量预测[J].非常规油气，2023,10(3):8-14.Liu Ming,Li Yanjing,Pan Lan,et al. Structural fracture characteristics and quantitative prediction of shale reservoir in Nanchuan area[J]. Unconventional Oil&Gas, 2023, 10(3):8-14.
• [8]杜猛，向勇，贾宁洪，等.玛湖凹陷百口泉组致密砂砾岩储层孔隙结构特征[J].岩性油气藏，2021,32(5):120-131.Du Meng,Xiang Yong,Jia Ninghong,et al. Pore structure characteristics of tight glutenite reservoirs of Baikouquan Formation in Mahu Sag[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2021, 32(5):120-131.
• [9]卢双舫，薛海涛，王民，等.页岩油评价中的若干关键问题及研究趋势[J].石油学报，2016,37(10):1309-1322.Lu Shuangfang,Xue Haitao,Wang Min,et al. Several key issues and research trends in evaluation of shale oil[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(10):1309-1322.
• [10]黄千慧，李海波，杨正明，等.页岩（致密）油藏注CO2吞吐作用距离实验[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2024,43(6):128-135.Huang Qianhui,Li Haibo,Yang Zhengming,et al. Experiment on CO2 injection huff-and-puff distance in shale(tight)oil reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2024,43(6):128-135.
• [11]汪贺，师永民，徐大卫，等.非常规储层孔隙结构表征技术及进展[J].油气地质与采收率，2019,26(5):21-30.Wang He,Shi Yongmin,Xu Dawei,et al. Unconventional reservoir pore structure characterization techniques and progress[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2019, 26(5):21-30.
• [12]雷浩，何建华，胡振国.考虑应力敏感和边界层效应的页岩油油藏渗流模型研究[J].科学技术与工程，2019,19(11):90-95.Lei Hao, He Jianhua, Hu Zhenguo. A mathematical model of shale oil reservoir considering the effects of stress sensitivity and boundary layer[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2019,19(11):90-95.
• [13]Ren Xiaoxia,Li Aifen,Fu Shuaishi,et al. Experimental study-on the oilwater relative permeability relationship for tight sandstone considering the nonlinear seepage characteristics[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2018, 161:409-416.
• [14]汤积仁，卢义玉，陈钰婷，等.超临界CO2作用下页岩力学特性损伤的试验研究[J].岩土力学，2018,39(3):797-802.Tang Jiren,Lu Yiyu,Chen Yuting,et al.Experimental study of damage of shale mechanical properties under supercritical CO2[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(3):797-802.
• [15]Dai Caili,Cheng Rui,Sun Xin,et al. Oil migration in nanometer to micrometer sized pores of tight oil sandstone during dynamic surfactant imbibition with online NMR[J]. Fuel,2019,245:544-553.
• [16]He Youwei,Qiu Shuai,Qin Jiazheng,et al. Feasibility of CO2-water alternate flooding and CO2 storage in tight oil reservoirs with complex fracture networks based on embedded discrete fracture model[J]. Energy,2025,319:135065.
• [17]Alam AKMB, Niioka M, Fujii Y, et al. Effects of confining pressure on the permeability of three rock types under compression[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2014,65:49-61.
• [18]Wei Jianguang, Fu Lanqing, Zhao Guozhong, et al. Nuclear magnetic resonance study on imbibition and stress sensitivity of lamellar shale oil reservoir[J]. Energy,2023,282:128872.
• [19]周小航，陈冬霞，夏宇轩，等.鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区长7段页岩油储层自发渗吸特征及影响因素[J].地球科学，2022,47(8):3045-3055.Zhou Xiaohang, Chen Dongxia, Xia Yuxuan, et al. Spontaneous imbibition characteristics and influencing factors of Chang 7shale oil reservoirs in Longdong area, Ordos Basin[J]. Earth Science,2022,47(8):3045-3055.
• [20]郭钢，薛小佳，李楷，等.压裂液存留液对致密油储层渗吸替油效果的影响[J].钻井液与完井液，2016,33(6):121-126.Guo Gang,Xue Xiaojia,Li Kai,et al. Effect of retained fracturing fluid on the imbibition oil displacement efficiency of tight oil reservoir[J]. Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid, 2016,33(6):121-126.
• [21]何金钢，康毅力，游利军，等.流体损害对页岩储层应力敏感性的影响[J].天然气地球科学，2011,22(5):915-919.He Jin’gang, Kang Yili, You Lijun, et al. Influence of fluid damage on shale reservoir stress sensitivity[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(5):915-919.
• [22]Liang Feng,Zhang Jilin,Liu Huihai,et al. Multiscale experimental studies on interactions between aqueous-based fracturing fluids and tight organic-rich carbonate source rocks[J]. SPE Reservoir Evaluation&Engineering,2019,22(2):402-417.
• [23]陈永成，孙岿，张向宇，等.页岩储集层渗吸驱油微观动用特征及提高采收率实验[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2025,44(2):156-166.Chen Yongcheng,Sun Kui,Zhang Xiangyu,et al. Experiments on microscopic producing characteristics and enhanced oil recovery of imbibition displacement in shale reservoir[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2025, 44(2):156-166.
• [24]Du Meng,Yang Zhengming,Jiang Enyuan,et al. Using digital cores and nuclear magnetic resonance to study pore-fracture structure and fluid mobility in tight volcanic rock reservoirs[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2024,259:105890.
• [25]刘合，孟思炜，王素玲，等.古龙页岩力学特征与裂缝扩展机理[J].石油与天然气地质，2023,44(4):820-828.Liu He,Meng Siwei,Wang Suling,et al. Mechanical characteristics and fracture propagation mechanisms of the Gulong shale[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2023,44(4):820-828.
• [26]黄兴，窦亮彬，左雄娣，等.致密油藏裂缝动态渗吸排驱规律[J].石油学报，2021,42(7):924-935.Huang Xing,Dou Liangbin,Zuo Xiongdi,et al. Dynamic imbibition and drainage laws of factures in tight reservoirs[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2021,42(7):924-935.
• [27]陈志明，赵鹏飞，曹耐，等.页岩油藏压裂水平井压-闷-采参数优化研究[J].石油钻探技术，2022,50(2):30-37.Chen Zhiming,Zhao Pengfei,Cao Nai,et al. Fracturing parameters optimization of horizontal wells in shale reservoirs during“well fracturing-soaking-producing”[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2022,50(2):30-37.
• [28]Gao Jidong, Kong Debin, Peng Yingfeng, et al. Pore-scale mechanisms and hysteresis effect during multi-cycle injection and production process in underground hydrogen storage reservoir[J]. Energy,2023,283:129007.
• [29]李宁，金之钧，张士诚，等.水/超临界二氧化碳作用下的页岩微观力学特性[J].石油勘探与开发，2023,50(4):872-882.Li Ning,Jin Zhijun,Zhang Shicheng,et al. Micro-mechanical properties of shale due to water/supercritical carbon dioxide-rock interaction[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2023,50(4):872-882.
• [30]赵续荣，陈志明，李得轩，等.页岩油井缝网改造后CO2吞吐与埋存特征及其主控因素[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2023,42(6):140-150.Zhao Xurong,Chen Zhiming,Li Dexuan,et al. Characteristics and its main controlling factors of CO2 huff-and-puff and storage of shale oil wells after fracture-network stimulation[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2023, 42(6):140-150.
• [31]杜猛，吕伟峰，杨正明，等.页岩油注空气提高采收率在线物理模拟方法[J].石油勘探与开发，2023,50(4):795-807.Du Meng,LüWeifeng,Yang Zhengming,et al. An online physical simulation method for enhanced oil recovery by air injection in shale oil[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2023,50(4):795-807.
• [32]袁庆峰，朱丽莉，陆会民，等.水驱油田晚期开发特征及提高采收率主攻方向[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2019,38(5):34-40.Yuan Qingfeng,Zhu Lili,Lu Huimin,et al. Development characteristics and main tackled EOR research direction for the waterflooded oilfield at the late stage[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2019,38(5):34-40.