卢祥国,赵宝刚,王正赟,刘进祥,何欣,李佰广,刘建,吴科俭
Lu Xiangguo,Zhao Baogang,Wang Zhengyun,Liu Jinxiang,He Xin,Li Baiguang,Liu Jian,Wu Kejian

• 1:东北石油大学提高油气采收率教育部重点实验室
• 2:中海石油能源发展股份有限公司
• 3:中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司第二采油厂

摘要(Abstract)：

油井压裂是剩余油动用的有效措施，但采用传统的胍胶压裂液，剩余油的动用程度不充分。为了明确压驱提采作用机制，明确油藏适应条件，创建了预置裂缝仿真模型，开展水平缝和垂直缝裂缝形态和造缝时机物理模拟实验，分析2种不同裂缝形态对压裂增油效果的影响。结果表明：垂直裂缝形态岩心实施胍胶和聚合物前置液压裂物理模拟发现，油井压裂过程中聚合物前置液沿注采井主流线方向滤失和滞留可以产生“增阻降渗”效应，促使后续驱油剂转向并波及远离主流线的两翼区域内剩余油，因而压裂增油效果较好；聚合物前置液滤失性能良好，较胍胶压裂液采收率增幅3.28百分点，压裂过程中水平裂缝上下基质内剩余油驱替和波及程度即动用程度较高，有助于提高压裂增油效果；水驱油藏剩余油分布特征以及压裂液滤失和驱油机理表明，压驱技术油藏适应条件或基本要素包括压裂对象必须是油井端中低渗透层，裂缝必须是水平缝，压裂前置液必须是具备滤失和驱油功效的工作液。研究成果可对矿场聚合物压裂施工增油效果及油藏适应性提供重要参考价值。
Well fracturing is an effective measure for remaining oil producing, but conventional guar gum fracturing fluid shows limited effectiveness. In order to clarify the mechanism of “fracture flooding” production enhancement and reservoir adaptive conditions, a preset fracture simulation model is established, and physical simulation experiments are conducted on fracture geometry and initiation timing of horizontal and vertical fractures to analyze the influence of 2 different fracture geometries on fracturing oil production increasing effect. Physical simulations of guar gum and polymer ahead-fluid fracturing on vertical fracture-type cores reveal that during oil well fracturing, the filtration and retention of polymer ahead fluid along the mainstream direction of injector-producer cause a “resistance increase and permeability decrease” effect, diverting subsequent displacement agents to sweep remaining oil in twowing areas away from the mainstream direction, thereby achieving better oil production increasing effect. Polymer ahead fluid has superior filtration property, with oil recovery increased by 3.28 percentage points compared to guar gum fracturing fluid. During the fracturing process, high displacement and swept degree of remaining oil in upper and lower matrix of horizontal fracture, i.e., the producing degree, is conductive to improve the oil production increasing effect. The distribution characteristics of remaining oil in water-flooding reservoirs and the filtration and displacement mechanism of fracturing fluids indicate that the reservoir adaptation conditions or basic elements for “pressure flooding” technology include: the fracturing target must be middle and low-permeability layers at the end of producer, fractures must be horizontal, and the ahead fluid must be working fluids with filtration and displacement properties. The research results can provide important reference value for oil production increasing effect and reservoir adaptability of polymer fracturing operation in fields.

关键词(KeyWords)： 压裂液;滤失性;裂缝形态;增油效果;物理模拟;机理分析
fracturing fluid;filtration;fracture geometry;oil production increasing effect;physical simulation;mechanism analysis

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家科技重大专项“‘双高’油田多级窜逸堵调驱一体化技术研究及示范”（2016ZX05058003-010）

作者(Author): 卢祥国,赵宝刚,王正赟,刘进祥,何欣,李佰广,刘建,吴科俭
Lu Xiangguo,Zhao Baogang,Wang Zhengyun,Liu Jinxiang,He Xin,Li Baiguang,Liu Jian,Wu Kejian

DOI: 10.19597/J.ISSN.1000-3754.202505035

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