黄有泉,赵星烁,赵德钊,侯堡怀,程金星,尚立涛
HUANG Youquan,ZHAO Xingshuo,ZHAO Dezhao,HOU Baohuai,CHENG Jinxing,SHANG Litao

• 1:多资源协同陆相页岩油绿色开采全国重点实验室
• 2:黑龙江省油气藏增产增注重点实验室
• 3:中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司
• 4:中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司采油工艺研究院

摘要(Abstract)：

为解决页岩油水平井分段多簇压裂中孔眼磨蚀导致的分簇进液失衡、裂缝扩展不均及套管损伤问题，采用“室内模拟实验-数值预测模拟-现场施工监测”一体化方法，结合环路式多相流实验台、冲蚀耦合模型及井下电视可视化技术，系统探究孔眼磨蚀规律及优化方法。结果表明：在施工参数上，孔眼冲蚀与流速、砂比、时间呈正相关，主要发生在套管内壁与射孔内壁相交部位，逐渐形成喇叭口形态并均匀扩孔；在射孔方式上，单段孔眼数、单簇孔眼数、孔眼相位角显著影响磨蚀程度，相同施工条件下单段24孔的孔眼扩径较48孔高11.1%～48.4%，单段内6孔簇平均磨蚀量较4孔簇大2 mm，相位角150°～180°（底部孔眼）平均磨蚀量较0°和330°大3 mm；在现场控制上，阶梯降排量法可有效估算孔眼磨蚀后孔径，估算值与实际监测值的符合率大于70%。研究成果可为页岩油水平井分段多簇压裂的射孔参数优化、压裂施工调控及套管防护方案制定提供理论支撑与技术依据。
In order to solve the problems of fluid injection imbalance among clusters, non-uniform fracture propagation, and casing damage caused by perforation erosion in staged multi-cluster fracturing of shale oil horizontal wells, an integrated approach of “ laboratory simulation experiment-numerical prediction simulation-field operation monitoring” is used to systematically study perforation erosion laws and corresponding optimization methods by combining the loop-type multiphase flow experimental platform, erosion coupling model, and downhole-vedio visualization technology. The results show that, regarding operation parameters, perforation erosion is positively correlated with flow rate, sand-fluid ratio and time, mainly occurring at the intersection of the inner casing wall and the inner perforation wall, gradually forming a trumpt-shaped morphology with uniform enlargement. In terms of perforation methods, the number of perforations per stage, number of perforations per cluster, and phase angle significantly affect the erosion degree. Under the same operation conditions, stages with 24 perforations exhibit 11.1%～ 48.4% larger diameter enlargement than those with 48 perforations, the average erosion of clusters with 6 perforations per stage is 2 mm greater than that of 4-perforations clusters, and the average erosion at phase angles of 150°～180° （bottom holes） is 3 mm greater than that at phase angles of 0° and 330°. For field control, post-erosion perforation diameters are effectively estimated by using the stepwise flow rate reduction method, with consistence rate of estimated values exceeding 70% with actual monitoring values. The research provides theoretical support and technical basis for perforation parameters optimization, fracturing operation adjusment and control, and casing protection scheme formulation in staged multi-cluster fracturing of shale oil horizontal wells.

关键词(KeyWords)： 页岩;分段压裂;孔眼磨蚀;室内模拟;井下电视;阶梯降排量法
shale;staged fracturing;perforation erosion;laboratory simulation;downhole vedio;stepwise flow rate reduction method

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家科技重大专项“松辽盆地白垩系陆相页岩油勘探开发技术与集成示范”（2024ZD1404900）;; 黑龙江省自然科学基金项目“高黏土富页理页岩基于岩性组合的裂缝扩展规律研究”（TD2024E004）

作者(Author): 黄有泉,赵星烁,赵德钊,侯堡怀,程金星,尚立涛
HUANG Youquan,ZHAO Xingshuo,ZHAO Dezhao,HOU Baohuai,CHENG Jinxing,SHANG Litao

DOI: 10.19597/J.ISSN.1000-3754.202509033

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