邓大伟,王宇,刘鹏,张喜嘉,姜海岩,孔赛磊
DENG Dawei,WANG Yu,LIU Peng,ZHANG Xijia,JIANG Haiyan,KONG Sailei

• 1:多资源协同陆相页岩油绿色开采全国重点实验室
• 2:中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司采油工艺研究院
• 3:黑龙江省油气藏增产增注重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

古龙页岩油储层具有高黏土含量、低脆性、页理极其发育、纳米级孔隙的独特地质特征，国内外尚无此类储层开发经验可借鉴，前期采用北美及国内主流压裂改造工艺，压裂后产量低、效果较差。为实现古龙页岩储层提产及效益开发，在前期开发基础之上，通过优化段簇组合、射孔方式、液性比例、支撑剂粒径组合等参数，进一步升级形成了以“逆混合施工+坡度极限限流射孔+段内少簇+等比例液性混合+中大粒径支撑”为核心理念的复合压裂改造工艺；现场结合地质-开发-工程一体化研究，开展延长低砂比打磨、“短放喷”处理和适时暂堵等控制工艺，实现了以簇为核心的体积改造最大化。该压裂工艺对古龙页岩油增产效果显著，现场试验30口井，应用后实现2.52%低返排率下早见油，第1年平均日产油量为25 t，较国内外主流工艺提高一倍以上。研究成果对页岩油立体井组的高质量压裂改造具有十分重要的指导意义。
Gulong shale oil reservoirs exhibit unique geological characteristics of high clay content, low brittleness, extremely-developed lamellation and nano-scale pores, for which no available development experience in China and abroad. In the early stage, the application of mainstream fracturing and simulation techniques from North America and domestic practices yielded low post-fracturing production with poor results. To achieve production increase and economic development of Gulong shale reservoirs, parameters for stage-cluster combination, perforation methods, fluid composition ratio and proppant particle size combination are optimized based on the early development. The composite fracturing simulation technique with the core concept of “ reverse mixing construction+ gradient extreme limited-entry perforation+ reduced clusters per stage+ equal-proportion fluids mixing+ medium-large particle size proppant” is further upgraded and developed. Combined with the integrated research of geology-development-engineering, field controlling processes of extended grinding with low sand-fluid ratio fluids, “short blowout” treatment and timely temporary plugging are carried out, maximizing the cluster-cored volume simulation. This fracturing technique demonstrates significant production increase in Gulong shale oil, with 30 test wells achieving early oil discovery at low flowback rate of 2.52% and an average daily oil production of 25 t in the first year, over twice than that of shale oil mainstream techniques in China and abroad. The research provides significant guidance for highquality fracturing simulation of shale oil three-dimensional well patterns.

关键词(KeyWords)： 古龙页岩油;富页理;复合压裂;坡度极限限流射孔;体积改造
Gulong shale oil;extremely-developed lamellation;composite fracturing;gradient extreme limited-entry perforation;volume stimulation

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家科技重大专项“松辽盆地白垩系陆相页岩油勘探开发技术与集成示范”（2024ZD1404900）;; 黑龙江省自然科学基金项目“高黏土富页理页岩基于岩性组合的裂缝扩展规律研究”（TD2024E004）

作者(Author): 邓大伟,王宇,刘鹏,张喜嘉,姜海岩,孔赛磊
DENG Dawei,WANG Yu,LIU Peng,ZHANG Xijia,JIANG Haiyan,KONG Sailei

DOI: 10.19597/J.ISSN.1000-3754.202509031

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