齐悦,陈绍云,李海,田玉栋,李兵,李昕楠
QI Yue,CHEN Shaoyun,LI Hai,TIAN Yudong,LI Bing,LI Xinnan

• 1:中国石油大庆钻探工程公司钻井工程技术研究院

摘要(Abstract)：

松辽盆地古龙页岩层理发育，层理密度高，黏土矿物以伊利石为主，质地偏硬脆性。古龙页岩水平井施工中反复出现坍塌卡钻、井眼扩大等井壁失稳问题。为了大幅度提高水平井的井壁稳定性，开展了岩石力学测试，建立有限元应力—流场耦合模型，求取不同工况条件下井壁稳定的坍塌压力上限。结果表明：井斜角、井斜方位、弱结构面数和弱结构面倾角是井筒坍塌压力的主要影响因素；钻井液当量密度要小于井壁岩石破裂压力当量密度，水平井目的层段最佳钻井液密度为1.70～1.75 g/cm3；井斜角为35°～70°时井壁的抗拉、抗压强度最小，也是井壁最容易坍塌的钻井井段；沿着0°或180°井斜方位钻井施工最安全；井筒坍塌当量密度随弱结构面倾角的增大而减小，弱结构面的存在会很大程度上增加井筒坍塌的风险，当有一个弱结构面后，弱结构面数量增加坍塌当量密度上升不再明显。研究成果可为现场钻井液密度的设计作指导，对认清井壁失稳机理、规范钻井作业具有借鉴意义。
The shale rock of Qingshankou Formation in Gulong area of Songliao Basin developed much bedding with high density. The clay mineral of Qingshankou Formation is mainly illite, with hard and brittle texture. While drilling horizontal well in Gulong shale, wellbore instability problems of collapse, sticking and borehole caving occur repeatedly. In order to improve horizontal wellbore stability, rock mechanics test is carried out to establish finite element stress-flow field coupled model and obtain the upper limit of collapse pressure of wellbore stability under different working conditions. The results show that well deviation angle, structural surface dip angle, borehole orientation and weak structural surface are the main impact factors on wellbore collapse pressure. Drilling fluid equivalent density should be less than wellbore rock breakdown pressure, and optimal drilling fluid density of target interval of horizontal well is 1.70～1.75 g/cm3. Wellbore has minimum tensile strength and compressive strength with 35°～70° of well deviation angle, being the drilling section easiest to collapse, and the safest drilling operation is along 0° or180° well deviation orientation. Wellbore collapse equivalent density decreases with weak structural surface dip increase. Existence of weak structural surface increases wellbore collapse risk to a large extent. When a weak structural surface appears, collapse equivalent density increased by weak structural surface amount increase is not obvious.The research can guide the design of field drilling fluid density and can be used for reference to study the mechanism of wellbore instability and standardize drilling operation.

关键词(KeyWords)： 松辽盆地;古龙页岩;耦合模型;弱结构面;当量密度;失稳机理
Songliao Basin;Gulong shale;coupling model;weak structural surface;equivalent density;instability mechanism

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项“大庆古龙页岩油勘探开发理论与关键技术研究”（2021ZZ10）

作者(Author): 齐悦,陈绍云,李海,田玉栋,李兵,李昕楠
QI Yue,CHEN Shaoyun,LI Hai,TIAN Yudong,LI Bing,LI Xinnan

DOI: 10.19597/J.ISSN.1000-3754.202111077

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