曲方春,刘东旭,王青振,佟斯琴,邓森
QU Fangchun,LIU Dongxu,WANG Qingzhen,TONG Siqin,DENG Sen

• 1:中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院
• 2:黑龙江省油层物理与渗流力学重点实验室
• 3:多资源协同陆相页岩油绿色开采全国重点实验室
• 4:中国石油油气和新能源分公司

摘要(Abstract)：

松辽盆地北部古龙凹陷青山口组是陆相纯页岩型页岩油藏，储层纳米孔隙发育，渗透率极低，弹性开发地层能量衰减快，产量递减快，如何有效地补充地层能量及提高采收率是亟待解决的难题。针对古龙页岩油储层特征，开展了注CO_2补能及提高采收率的分子模拟、室内实验及数值模拟研究，通过分子模拟评价了CO_2的置换能力及扩散速率，通过注CO_2室内实验评价了CO_2与原油接触后的膨胀能力、混相压力，通过数值模拟方法对注CO_2的不同注入参数进行了设计优化。结果表明：CO_2对孔隙边界层具有较强的置换能力，并且具有较高的膨胀系数和较低的混相压力，在原始地层条件下即可实现混相；数值模拟设计优化单井吞吐注入速度为200 t/d，最优闷井时间为30 d，最优吞吐周期为5轮，页岩油注气吞吐可实现能量补充及增油效果，预计单井累计增油4 523 t。研究成果对古龙页岩油注气开发方案的编制具有重要的指导意义，为古龙页岩油效益开发提供了有力的技术保障。
Qingshankou Formation in Gulong Sag in northern Songliao Basin is a continental pure shale oil reservoir with nano-pores developed and extremely low permeability, and rapid energy depletion and production decline in natural depletion development strata. How to replenish formation energy and enhance oil recovery are urgent challenge. In view of characteristics of Gulong shale oil reservoir, molecular simulation, lab experiment and numerical simulation are conducted to study CO_2 injection for energy complement and oil recovery enhancement. Displacement capacity and diffusion rate of CO_2 are evaluated by molecular simulation, expansion capacity and miscible pressure after CO_2 contacting with oil are evaluated by lab experiment of CO_2 injection, and different injection parameters of CO_2 are optimally designed by numerical simulation. The results show that CO_2 has high displacement capacity for pore boundary layer, as well as high expansion coefficient and low miscible pressure, which can achieve miscible flooding in original formation conditions. Numerical simulation design optimized huff-and-puff injection rate for single well is 200 t/d, with optimal soaking time of 30 d and optimal huff-and-puff cycle of 5 rounds. CO_2 huff-and-puff for shale oil can achieve energy complement and oil increase effect, with expected single-well cumulative incremental oil of 4 523 t. The research has important guiding significance for development planning for CO_2 injection development of Gulong shale oil, providing technical support for efficient development of Gulong shale oil.

关键词(KeyWords)： 古龙页岩油;CO_2吞吐;提高采收率;参数优化
Gulong shale oil;CO_2 huff-and-puff;enhance oil recovery;parameters optimization

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项“古龙页岩油效益开发理论与关键技术研究”（2021ZZ10-02）

作者(Author): 曲方春,刘东旭,王青振,佟斯琴,邓森
QU Fangchun,LIU Dongxu,WANG Qingzhen,TONG Siqin,DENG Sen

DOI: 10.19597/J.ISSN.1000-3754.202311050

参考文献(References)：

• [1]何文渊，崔宝文，王凤兰，等.松辽盆地古龙凹陷白垩系青山口组储集空间与油态研究[J].地质论评，2022, 68(2):693-741.HE Wenyuan, CUI Baowen, WANG Fenglan, et al. Study on reservoir spaces and oil states of the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in Gulong sag,Songliao Basin[J]. Geological Review,2022,68(2):693-741.
• [2]何文渊，蒙启安，张金友.松辽盆地古龙页岩油富集主控因素及分类评价[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2021,40(5):1-12.HE Wenyuan, MENG Qi’an, ZHANG Jinyou. Controlling factors and their classification-evaluation of Gulong shale oil enrichment in Songliao Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2021,40(5):1-12.
• [3]孙龙德.古龙页岩油（代序）[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2020,39(3):1-7.SUN Longde. Gulong shale oil(preface)[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2020,39(3):1-7.
• [4]王广昀，王凤兰，蒙启安，等.古龙页岩油战略意义及攻关方向[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2020,39(3):8-19.WANG Guangyun,WANG Fenglan,MENG Qi’an,et al. Strategic significance and research direction for Gulong shale oil[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2020,39(3):8-19.
• [5]王凤兰，付志国，王建凯，等.松辽盆地古龙页岩油储层特征及分类评价[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2021,40(5):144-156.WANG Fenglan,FU Zhiguo,WANG Jiankai,et al. Characteristics and classification evaluation of Gulong shale oil reservoir in Songliao Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2021,40(5):144-156.
• [6]冯子辉，柳波，邵红梅，等.松辽盆地古龙地区青山口组泥页岩成岩演化与储集性能[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2020,39(3):72-85.FENG Zihui, LIU Bo, SHAO Hongmei, et al. The diagenesis evolution and accumulating performance of the mud shale in Qingshankou Formation in Gulong area,Songliao Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2020, 39(3):72-85.
• [7]金成志，董万百，白云风，等.松辽盆地古龙页岩岩相特征与成因[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2020,39(3):35-44.JIN Chengzhi,DONG Wanbai,BAI Yunfeng,et al. Lithofacies characteristics and genesis analysis of Gulong shale in Songliao Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2020,39(3):35-44.
• [8] KOVSCEK A R,TANG G Q,VEGA B. Experimental investigation of oil recovery from siliceous shale by CO2 injection[C].Denver:SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,2008.
• [9] HOFFMAN B T. Comparison of various gases for enhanced recovery from shale oil reservoirs[C]. Tulsa:18th SPE Improved Oil Recovery Symposium,2012.
• [10] WEI Y, AL-SHALABI E W, SEPEHRNOORI K. A sensitivity study of potential CO2 injection for enhanced gas recovery in Barnett shale reservoirs[C]. Woodlands:SPE Unconventional Resources Conference,2014.
• [11] VEGA B,O'BRIEN W J,KOVSCEK A R. Experimental investigation of oil recovery from siliceous shale by miscible CO2 injection[C]. Florence:SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,2010.
• [12] ALHARTHY N,TEKLU T,KAZEMI H,et al. Enhanced oil recovery in liquid-rich shale reservoirs:Laboratory to field[C].Houston:SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,2015.
• [13] ZHU P X,BALHOFF M T,MOHANTY K K. Simulation of fracture-to-fracture gas injection in an oil-rich shale[C]. Houston:SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,2015.
• [14] DONG C,HOFFMAN B T. Modeling gas injection into shale oil reservoirs in the Sanish field,North Dakota[C]. Denver:Unconventional Resources Technology Conference,2013.
• [15] GAMADI T D,ELLDAKLI F,SHENG J J. Compositional simulation evaluation of EOR potential in shale oil reservoirs by cyclic natural gas injection[C]. Denver:Unconventional Resources Technology Conference,2014.
• [16] ZHANG H B,CAO D P. Molecular simulation of displacement of shale gas by carbon dioxide at different geological depths[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2016,156:121-127.
• [17]沈平平，黄磊.二氧化碳-原油多相多组分渗流机理研究[J].石油学报，2009,30(2):247-251.SHEN Pingping, HUANG Lei. Flow mechanisms of multi-phase multi-component CO2-crude oil system in porous media[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(2):247-251.
• [18]耿宏章，陈建文，孙仁远，等.二氧化碳溶解气对原油黏度的影响[J].中国石油大学学报（自然科学版），2004,28(4):78-80.GENG Hongzhang, CHEN Jianwen, SUN Renyuan, et al.Effect of dissolved carbon dioxide on the viscosity of crude oil[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Sciences),2004,28(4):78-80.
• [19]陈兴隆，秦积舜，张可. CO2与原油混相及非混相条件下渗流机理差异[J].特种油气藏，2009,16(3):77-81.CHEN Xinglong,QIN Jishun,ZHANG Ke. Difference of flowing mechanism in miscible and immiscible phase of CO2 and crude oil[J]. Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2009,16(3):77-81.
• [20]孙龙德，崔宝文，朱如凯，等.古龙页岩油富集因素评价与生产规律研究[J].石油勘探与开发，2023, 50(3):441-454.SUN Longde,CUI Baowen,ZHU Rukai,et al. Shale oil enrichment evaluation and production law in Gulong sag,Songliao Basin, NE China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2023,50(3):441-454.
• [21]袁士义，雷征东，李军诗，等.古龙页岩油有效开发关键理论技术问题与对策[J].石油勘探与开发，2023,50(3):562-572.YUAN Shiyi,LEI Zhengdong,LI Junshi,et al. Key theoretical and technical issues and countermeasures for effective development of Gulong shale oil,Daqing Oilfield,NE China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2023,50(3):562-572.
• [22]朱国文，王小军，张金友，等.松辽盆地陆相页岩油富集条件及勘探开发有利区[J].石油学报，2023,44(1):110-124.ZHU Guowen,WANG Xiaojun,ZHANG Jinyou, et al. Enrichment conditions and favorable zones for exploration and development of continental shale oil in Songliao Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2023,44(1):110-124.