崔波,冯浦涌,姚二冬,荣新明,周福建,张强
CUI Bo,FENG Puyong,YAO Erdong,RONG Xinming,ZHOU Fujian,ZHANG Qiang

• 1:中海油田服务股份有限公司油田生产事业部
• 2:中国石油大学(北京)非常规油气科学技术研究院

摘要(Abstract)：

针对低孔、低渗型碳酸盐岩储层，常规酸化效果有限，需要采用酸压进行增产改造。为了达到形成高导流能力分支刻蚀沟槽这种理想的碳酸盐岩酸压效果，采用胶凝酸、交联酸、乳化酸、螯合酸和自转向酸5种缓速酸体系，交联酸+自转向酸、胶凝酸+自转向酸、乳化酸+螯合酸、乳化酸+自转向酸4种段塞组合方式，以及二级、三级2种注入级数，对裂缝壁面进行刻蚀实验，并应用CT扫描和裂缝导流测试分析酸蚀裂缝的刻蚀形态及导流能力。结果表明：裂缝刻蚀形态主控因素为缓速酸段塞组合类型，次控因素为注入级数；交联酸+自转向酸组合为最优组合，酸蚀后可形成错综交叉、深度均匀的复杂沟槽，刻蚀深度适中，刻蚀均匀度大于60%,40 MPa下酸蚀后裂缝的导流能力可达170μm2·cm；裂缝的刻蚀形态与导流能力存在较好的对应关系，在综合考虑酸蚀岩板刻蚀深度、刻蚀均匀度及岩板酸蚀前后质量变化情况下，酸蚀沟槽形态因子和导流能力的相关系数达0.985 2。研究成果为伊拉克F油田或同类型油藏选择储层改造酸液体系、优化工艺参数提供了理论依据。
The effect of conventional acidizing is limited for low-porosity and low-permeability carbonate reservoir, and acid-fracturing is needed for stimulation. In order to achieve ideal effect of carbonate rock acid-fracturing with branch etching grooves with high conductivity, 5 retarded acid systems(gelled acid, cross-linked acid, emulsified acid, chelated acid and diverting acid), 4 kinds of slug combinations(cross-linked acid+self-diverting acid, gelled acid+self-diverting acid, emulsified acid+chelated acid and emulsified acid+self-diverting acid) and 2 kinds of injection sequences(2 and 3 sequences) are used to etch fracture surface. The acid-etched fracture geometry and its conductivity are analyzed and tested by CT scanner and fracture conductivity instrument. The results show that the main controlling factor of acid-etched fracture geometry is slug combination type of retarded acid system, and secondly controlling factor is slug injection sequences. Combination of cross-linked acid and diverting acid is the optimum combination,forming complex grooves with cross-thicket and uniform depth,with moderate etching depth after acid etching,etching uniformity>60%, and conductivity up to 170 μm2·cm at 40 MPa. There is a good corresponding relationship between fracture etching geometry and conductivity. Comprehensively considering grooves depth at inlet and outlet of acid etching rock plate and quality change of rock plate before and after acid etching, the correlation coefficient between geometry factor of acid etching groove and conductivity reaches 0.985 2. The research provides theoretical evidence for acid system selection and technique parameters optimization for F Oilfield in Iraq or similar reservoirs.

关键词(KeyWords)： 碳酸盐岩;酸压;缓速酸;导流能力;沟槽形态因子
carbonate rock;acid fracturing;retarded acid;conductivity;groove morphological factor

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家科技重大专项“中亚和中东地区复杂碳酸盐岩油气藏采油采气关键技术研究与应用”（2017ZX05030005）;国家科技重大专项“超深裂缝性气藏井筒失稳机理及转向工艺优化研究”（2016ZX05051003）

作者(Author): 崔波,冯浦涌,姚二冬,荣新明,周福建,张强
CUI Bo,FENG Puyong,YAO Erdong,RONG Xinming,ZHOU Fujian,ZHANG Qiang

DOI: 10.19597/j.issn.1000-3754.202203043

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