陈永成,孙岿,张向宇,唐洁云,周晓峰
CHEN Yongcheng,SUN Kui,ZHANG Xiangyu,TANG Jieyun,ZHOU Xiaofeng

• 1:中国石油辽河油田公司勘探开发研究院
• 2:中国石油辽河油田公司开发事业部
• 3:多资源协同陆相页岩油绿色开采全国重点实验室
• 4:东北石油大学非常规油气研究院

摘要(Abstract)：

为了明确渗吸对于页岩储层的微观动用特征及提高原油采收率作用规律，基于核磁共振技术开展了不同渗吸体系下的高温高压在线核磁共振渗吸实验，定量研究了不同级别孔隙的微观动用特征及渗吸驱油效果。在此基础上，创新形成了二维核磁共振解释方法，明确了不同原油赋存孔隙对提高采收率的贡献。结果表明：低黏滑溜水、胍尔胶破胶液、CO_2渗吸液及表活剂型低黏滑溜水体系的渗吸采收率分别为16.14%、11.80%、21.00%和14.68%,CO_2渗吸液的开发效果最佳。整个渗吸过程可视为一个有机系统，在确保小孔隙采出程度的同时，最大限度地提高中大孔隙动用程度至关重要；随着渗吸量的增加，岩样的游离油动用程度增大，T_1/T_2上升，残余油逐渐以吸附态和有机质为主，可采性变差；水基渗吸介质对于黏土层间吸附油的动用效果更好，而CO_2渗吸液可深入页岩有机质小孔隙中充分发挥渗吸置换作用，有机质微孔原油的相对采收率可提高11.01～23.54百分点。研究成果可为页岩油的高效开发提供借鉴。
To clarify the microscopic characteristics of imbibition for shale reservoirs and the law of enhanced oil recovery(EOR), experiment of high-temperature and high-pressure online nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) imbibition with different imbibition systems are performed based on NMR technique, and microscopic producing characteristics and imbibition displacement effect of different levels of pores are quantitatively studied. On this basis, innovatively formed 2D NMR interpretation method determines the contribution of different oil occurrence pores to enhanced oil recovery. The results show that imbibition recovery by low-viscosity slickwater, guar gel breaker solution, CO_2 imbibition liquid and surfactant-type low-viscosity slickwater are 16.14%, 11.80%, 21.00% and 14.68%, respectively, with CO_2 imbibition liquid demonstrating optimal development effect. The entire imbibition process can be considered as an organic system, where maximizing the producing degree of medium and large pores is crucial while simultaneously ensuring the recovery degree of small pores. With increasing imbibition, the free oil producing degree of rock samples increases, T_1/T_2 rises, and residual oil gradually shifts to adsorbed and organic matter-dominated forms, causing reduced recoverability. Water-based imbibition media demonstrate superior producing effect for adsorbed oil in interlayered clay, while CO_2 imbibition liquid can effectively penetrate organic matter-hosted small pores in shale, leading to enhanced realative recovery of organic matter-hosted micropores by 11.01～23.54 percentage points. The research provides valuable insights for efficient development of shale oil.

关键词(KeyWords)： 页岩油;渗吸;在线核磁共振;微观动用特征;赋存特征;提高采收率
shale oil;imbibition;on-line nuclear magnetic resonance;microscopic producing characteristics;occurrence characteristics;EOR

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中国石油天然气集团有限公司重大科技专项“利用大型油气藏埋存二氧化碳关键技术标准研究与应用”（2023YFF0614100）;; 辽河油田公司重大专项“页岩油大幅提高采收率技术研究”（2024QZJC-01）;; 黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目“超临界CO_2作用下高泥质含量页岩油储层润湿性演化及渗吸机理”（LH2021E014）

作者(Author): 陈永成,孙岿,张向宇,唐洁云,周晓峰
CHEN Yongcheng,SUN Kui,ZHANG Xiangyu,TANG Jieyun,ZHOU Xiaofeng

DOI: 10.19597/J.ISSN.1000-3754.202402032

参考文献(References)：

• [1]赵续荣，陈志明，李得轩，等.页岩油井缝网改造后CO2吞吐与埋存特征及其主控因素[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2023,42(6):140-150.ZHAO Xurong,CHEN Zhiming,LI Dexuan,et al. Characteristics and its main controlling factors of CO2 huff-and-puff and storage of shale oil wells after fracture-network stimulation[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2023,42(6):140-150.
• [2]赵文智，卞从胜，李永新，等.陆相页岩油可动烃富集因素与古龙页岩油勘探潜力评价[J].石油勘探与开发，2023,50(3):455-467.ZHAO Wenzhi, BIAN Congsheng, LI Yongxin, et al. Enrichment factors of movable hydrocarbons in lacustrine shale oil and exploration potential of shale oil in Gulong Sag,Songliao Basin,NE China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2023,50(3):455-467.
• [3]杨雪，廖锐全，袁旭，等.基于核磁共振技术的致密岩心高温高压自发渗吸实验[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2023,42(3):58-65.YANG Xue,LIAO Ruiquan,YUAN Xu,et al. Spontaneous imbibition experiment in high-temperature and high-pressure for tight cores based on NMR technology[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2023,42(3):58-65.
• [4]杜猛，吕伟峰，杨正明，等.页岩油注空气提高采收率在线物理模拟方法[J].石油勘探与开发，2023,50(4):795-807.DU Meng, LüWeifeng, YANG Zhengming, et al. An online physical simulation method for enhanced oil recovery by air injection in shale oil[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2023,50(4):795-807.
• [5]刘明，李彦婧，潘兰，等.南川地区页岩储层构造裂缝特征及其定量预测[J].非常规油气，2023,10(3):8-14.LIU Ming,LI Yanjing,PAN Lan,et al. Structural fracture characteristics and quantitative prediction of shale reservoir in Nanchuan Area[J]. Unconventional Oil&Gas, 2023, 10(3):8-14.
• [6]肖文联，杨玉斌，黄矗，等.基于核磁共振技术的页岩油润湿性及其对原油动用特征的影响[J].油气地质与采收率，2023,30(1):112-121.XIAO Wenlian,YANG Yubin,HUANG Chu,et al. Rock wettability and its influence on crude oil producing characteristics based on NMR technology[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2023,30(1):112-121.
• [7]李国欣，雷征东，董伟宏，等.中国石油非常规油气开发进展、挑战与展望[J].中国石油勘探，2022,27(1):1-11.LI Guoxin,LEI Zhengdong,DONG Weihong,et al. Progress,challenges and prospects of unconventional oil and gas development of CNPC[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2022, 27(1):1-11.
• [8]赵文智，胡素云，侯连华，等.中国陆相页岩油类型、资源潜力及与致密油的边界[J].石油勘探与开发，2020,47(1):1-10.ZHAO Wenzhi, HU Suyun, HOU Lianhua, et al. Types and resource potential of continental shale oil in China and its boundary with tight oil[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2020,47(1):1-10.
• [9] LüW F,CHEN S Y,GAO Y,et al. Evaluating seepage radius of tight oil reservoir using digital core modeling approach[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2019, 178:609-615.
• [10] WEI J G,FU L Q,ZHAO G Z,et al. Nuclear magnetic resonance study on imbibition and stress sensitivity of lamellar shale oil reservoir[J]. Energy,2023,282:128872.
• [11]纪国法，王晓燕，南晨阳，等.基于最优裂缝导流能力的水平井压裂后生产指数预测新方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2023,42(6):59-66.JI Guofa,WANG Xiaoyan,NAN Chenyang,et al. A new prediction method for postfracturing productivity index of horizontal well based on optimal fracture conductivity[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2023,42(6):59-66.
• [12]崔传智，王俊康，吴忠维，等.致密油藏压驱动态裂缝模型建立及应用[J].特种油气藏，2023,30(4):87-95.CUI Chuanzhi, WANG Junkang, WU Zhongwei, et al. Establishment and application of pressure drive dynamic fracture model for tight oil reservoirs[J]. Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2023,30(4):87-95.
• [13] HU Y Q,ZHAO C N,ZHAO J Z,et al. Mechanisms of fracturing fluid spontaneous imbibition behavior in shale reservoir:A review[J]. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2020,82:103498.
• [14]谷潇雨，蒲春生，黄海，等.渗透率对致密砂岩储集层渗吸采油的微观影响机制[J].石油勘探与开发，2017, 44(6):948-954.GU Xiaoyu, PU Chunsheng, HUANG Hai, et al. Micro-influencing mechanism of permeability on spontaneous imbibition recovery for tight sandstone reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,44(6):948-954.
• [15]党海龙，王小锋，段伟，等.鄂尔多斯盆地裂缝性低渗透油藏渗吸驱油研究[J].断块油气田，2017,24(5):687-690.DANG Hailong,WANG Xiaofeng,DUAN Wei,et al. Study on imbibition flooding in fractured low-permeability reservoir of Ordos Basin[J]. Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field, 2017, 24(5):687-690.
• [16] LAI F P,LI Z P,WEI Q,et al. Experimental investigation of spontaneous imbibition in tight reservoir with nuclear magnetic resonance testing[J]. Energy&Fuels, 2016, 30(11):8932-8940.
• [17] SHARMA J,INWOOD S B,KOVSCEK A R. Experiments and analysis of multiscale viscous fingering during forced imbibition[R]. SPE 143946,2012.
• [18] GUO X, SEMNANI A, EKEKEH D G, et al. Experimental study of spontaneous imbibition for oil recovery in tight sandstone cores under high pressure high temperature with low field nuclear magnetic resonance[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2021,201:108366.
• [19]付兰清.致密砂岩动态渗吸排驱核磁共振在线实验：以松辽盆地北部扶余油层为例[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2023,42(3):66-74.FU Lanqing. NMR online experiment for dynamic imbibition drainage of tight sandstone:A case study of Fuyu reservoir in northern Songliao Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2023,42(3):66-74.
• [20]白振强，王清华，宋文波.基于核磁共振的天然气驱储集层孔喉动用下限[J].新疆石油地质，2023,44(1):58-63.BAI Zhenqiang, WANG Qinghua, SONG Wenbo. Lower limits of pore throat producing in natural gas drive reservoirs based on nuclear magnetic resonance[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2023,44(1):58-63.
• [21] ZHANG T, TANG M, MA Y K, et al. Experimental study on CO2/Water flooding mechanism and oil recovery in ultralow-permeability sandstone with online LF-NMR[J]. Energy, 2022,252:123948.
• [22] LAI F P,LI Z P,ZHANG T T,et al. Characteristics of microscopic pore structure and its influence on spontaneous imbibition of tight gas reservoir in the Ordos Basin,China[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2019,172:23-31.
• [23]申哲娜，王香增，康宵瑜，等.延长油田典型致密油储层渗吸-驱替采油机理定量分析[J].油气地质与采收率，2018,25(5):99-103.SHEN Zhe’na,WANG Xiangzeng,KANG Xiaoyu,et al. Quanti-tative analysis of the mechanism of imbibition and displacement recovery of typical tight oil reservoirs in Yanchang Oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2018, 25(5):99-103.
• [24] REN X X,LI A F,WANG G J,et al. Study of the imbibition behavior of hydrophilic tight sandstone reservoirs based on nuclear magnetic resonance[J]. Energy&Fuels, 2018, 32(7):7762-7772.
• [25]张添锦，王延峰，李军，等.注CO2提高页岩吸附甲烷采收率核磁共振实验[J].特种油气藏，2023,30(5):113-120.ZHANG Tianjin,WANG Yanfeng,LI Jun,et al. Nuclear magnetic resonance experiment for enhanced recovery of adsorbed methane from shale through carbon dioxide injection[J]. Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2023,30(5):113-120.
• [26] GE H K,YANG L,SHEN Y H,et al. Experimental investigation of shale imbibition capacity and the factors influencing loss of hydraulic fracturing fluids[J]. Petroleum Science, 2015, 12(4):636-650.
• [27] XU X,WAN Y J,LI X Z,et al. Microscopic imbibition characterization of sandstone reservoirs and theoretical model optimization[J]. Scientific Reports,2021,11(1):1-13.
• [28]张金风，梁成钢，陈依伟，等.表面活性剂对页岩油储层高温高压渗吸驱油效果的影响因素[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2023,42(3):167-174.ZHANG Jinfeng,LIANG Chenggang,CHEN Yiwei,et al. Influence factors of surfactant on high-temperature and high-pressure imbibition displacement effect of shale oil reservoir[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2023, 42(3):167-174.
• [29]袁士义，雷征东，李军诗，等.古龙页岩油有效开发关键理论技术问题与对策[J].石油勘探与开发，2023,50(3):562-572.YUAN Shiyi,LEI Zhengdong,LI Junshi,et al. Key theoretical and technical issues and countermeasures for effective development of Gulong shale oil, Daqing Oilfield, NE China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2023, 50(3):562-572.