宋亚开,尹太举,张昌民,刘志伟
SONG Yakai,YIN Taiju,ZHANG Changmin,LIU Zhiwei

• 1:长江大学地球科学学院
• 2:东方地球物理公司辽河物探分公司

摘要(Abstract)：

分支河道型三角洲的沉积周期长、过程复杂,实际的物理实验难以满足对其沉积机理和控制因素研究的需要。数值模拟技术具有实验条件可控、实验过程抗干扰性强、实验结果相对精确的优点,在单因素分析方法的基础上,通过设置河流入口流量、沉积物总量、河道坡度、河道宽度、出口水位等实验条件,对泥沙质量比为1∶7、2∶6、3∶5和5∶3的4组分支河道型三角洲模型随时间的变化进行了地貌、沉积厚度、流场3个方面的研究。结果表明:沉积物组分的差异是控制沉积体形态的主要地质因素,随着供给物中泥质组分的增加,沉积主体由河口坝沉积演变为长条型的河道沉积,沉积形态由分流砂坝型三角洲演变为分支河道型三角洲;分支河道型三角洲主要发育于浅水环境,河道越发育的部位砂体越发育;泥质沉积物主要分布于废弃河道以及支流间湾等区域。应用数值模拟技术对不同沉积物供给比例的分支河道型三角洲沉积形态进行模拟,可对少井甚至无井地区开展储层预测,对井网密集区域进行沉积体形态、分布与控制因素模拟,为储层剩余油挖潜提供了技术支撑。
The deposition of branch-channel delta is characterized by long period and complex process, and the actual physical experiment is difficult to meet the research needs of its sedimentary mechanism and control factors. Numerical simulation technology has the advantages of controllable experimental conditions, strong anti-interference of test process and relatively precise experimental results. On the basis of the single-factor analyzing method and by means of setting up the experimental conditions such as river inlet discharge, total sediment amount, channel slope, channel width and outlet water level, the temporal changes of four-group branch-channel delta models with the shale/sand quality ratio of 1∶7, 2∶6, 3∶5 and 5∶3 were studied in terms of the topography, sedimentary thickness and flow field. The results show that the differences of the sediment components are the main geological factors controlling the morphology of the sedimentary bodies. With the increase of the argillaceous components in the supply, the main body of the sediment evolved from the estuary bar to the long channel, and the sedimentary morphology changed from the distributary bar delta to the branch-channel delta. The branch-channel delta is mainly developed in the shallow water environment, and the more developed the channel is, the more developed the sandbody will be. The argillaceous sediments are mainly distributed in the abandoned river channels and inter tributary bays. The numerical simulation technology can be used to predict the reservoirs with few or no wells by simulating the sedimentary morphology of the branch-channel delta with different sediment supply ratios. For the block with dense well pattern, the simulations of the morphology, distribution and control factors of the sedimentary body have provided the technical support for tapping the potential of the remained oil in the reservoirs.

关键词(KeyWords)： 沉积模式;分支河道型三角洲;数值模拟;单因素分析;泥沙质量比;沉积演化
sedimentary model;branch-channel delta;numerical simulation;single-factor analysis;shale/sand quality ratio;sedimentary evolution

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): “十三五”国家科技重大专项“渤海东部新近系河湖交互地区高精度层序地层、沉积体系精细分析技术与有利勘探方向研究”(2016ZX05024-003-004);“十三五”国家科技重大专项“深层优势储层沉积成因机制及地质预测技术”(2016ZX05027-002-007)

作者(Author): 宋亚开,尹太举,张昌民,刘志伟
SONG Yakai,YIN Taiju,ZHANG Changmin,LIU Zhiwei

DOI: 10.19597/j.issn.1000-3754.202003006

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