杨智光,李吉军,齐悦,和传健,宋涛,陈绍云,张洋
YANG Zhiguang,LI Jijun,QI Yue,HE Chuanjian,SONG Tao,CHEN Shaoyun,ZHANG Yang

• 1:中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司
• 2:中国石油大庆钻探工程公司

摘要(Abstract)：

大庆油田古龙页岩伊利石含量高，伊利石表面水化导致页岩强度发生劣化，井壁剥落掉块、坍塌等复杂情况频发。为了解决此问题，以大庆古龙页岩为研究对象，从黏土矿物晶层结构和微观作用力的角度分析了富含伊利石页岩水化作用机理，页岩水化过程的微观作用力主要包括范德华力（DLVO力）和水合力，与蒙脱石不同，伊利石晶层间存在较大的短程排斥水合力。扫描电镜分析、耐崩解实验和岩心观察表明，富含伊利石的页岩水化作用具有促使页岩中裂缝沿层理面起裂、扩展和破坏的特征，同时水相、油相等不同流体介质对页岩水化特征影响显著，油相浸泡后岩石力学参数的劣化程度明显弱于水相，抗压强度更优，与油基钻井液相比，使用水基钻井液更易劣化页岩强度、内聚力和内摩擦角等岩石力学参数，井壁失稳风险更高。研究成果为针对性解决古龙页岩井壁剥落、坍塌等复杂情况提供了理论支撑。
Gulong shale in Daqing Oilfield has high content of illite. The surface hydration situation of illite leads to shale strength deterioration causing wellbore wall spalling and collapse. To solve this problem,taking Gulong shale in Daqing Oilfield as studied object,the hydration mechanism of illite-rich shale is analyzed from perspective of clay mineral crystal layer structure and microscopic forces. Microscopic forces of shale hydration process mainly include DLVO force and hydration force. Unlike montmorillonite,large short-range repulsive hydration force exists among illite crystal layers. SEM analysis,disintegration resistance experiment and core observation show that illiterich shale hydration has characteristics of promoting the initiation,propagation and breaking out of fractures in shale along bedding planes. Meanwhile,different fluid media including water phase and oil phase have significant influences on hydration characteristics of shale. Rock mechanical parameters after oil soaking has obviously lower deterioration degree than that after water soaking,and compressive strength is higher. Compared with oil-based drilling fluid,water-based drilling fluid is more likely to deteriorate the rock mechanical parameters of shale strength,cohesion and internal friction angle,causing much more risk of wellbore wall instability. The research provides theoretical support and for solving the complex problems of wellbore wall spalling and collapse of Gulong shale.

关键词(KeyWords)： 松辽盆地;古龙页岩;伊利石水化;井壁失稳
Songliao Basin;Gulong shale;illite hydration;wellbore wall instability

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项“大庆古龙页岩油勘探开发理论与关键技术研究”（2021ZZ10）

作者(Author): 杨智光,李吉军,齐悦,和传健,宋涛,陈绍云,张洋
YANG Zhiguang,LI Jijun,QI Yue,HE Chuanjian,SONG Tao,CHEN Shaoyun,ZHANG Yang

DOI: 10.19597/J.ISSN.1000-3754.202111052

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