董大鹏,李斌会,苑盛旺,李江涛
DONG Dapeng,LI Binhui,YUAN Shengwang,LI Jiangtao

• 1:大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院
• 2:黑龙江省油层物理与渗流力学重点实验室
• 3:东北石油大学陆相页岩油气成藏及高效开发教育部重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

低渗透储层岩性致密、孔喉细小,导致毛管力引起的压裂液渗吸作用强,有助于提高原油采收率。基于室内静态渗吸实验,结合核磁共振仪定量刻画了低渗亲水岩心内的油水分布,并进一步分析了不同尺度孔隙渗吸速率和渗吸采出程度。结果表明:低渗亲水岩心渗吸首先发生在小孔隙中,其渗吸采出程度达到47.92%;大孔隙的渗吸采出程度仅为小孔隙的1/2;渗吸第1天速度最大,渗吸作用在第6天后基本停止,渗吸采收率为24.23%;油水两相在小孔隙与大孔隙中流动机理的差异,导致小孔隙的渗吸采出程度随着界面张力的增加而增加,而大孔隙则相反。研究成果从微观角度量化了压裂液在低渗储层孔喉中的渗吸行为,可为低渗油藏压后关井时间优化和压裂液界面张力优选提供借鉴。
The low-permeability reservoir is characterized by tight rock and small pore-throat, as well as strong imbibition effect of fracturing fluid caused by the capillary force, which is beneficial to enhance the oil recovery. Based on the indoor imbibition experiment and combined with the nuclear magnetic resonance instrument, the oil-water distribution in the low-permeability water-wet core was quantitatively characterized, and the imbibition rate and recovery factor at different scales of the pores were further analyzed. The results show that the imbibition process takes place first in the small pores and the imbibition recovery of the small pores is up to 47.92%, which is the double of that in the large pores. The imbibition speed is the highest on the first day and then the imbibition nearly stops on the sixth day with the oil recovery by spontaneous imbibition of 24.23%. Due to the different mechanisms for the oil-water two-phase flow in the small pores and large pores, the imbibition recovery of the small pores increases with the growth of the capillary force; while for the large pores, the rule is just opposite. The study achievements have quantitatively characterized the imbibition behaviors of the fracturing fluid in the low-permeability reservoir from microscopic perspective, which provide the guidance for the optimizations of shut-in time after the hydraulic fracturing and interfacial tension of the fracturing fluid in the low-permeability oil reservoir.

关键词(KeyWords)： 静态渗吸;低渗;核磁共振;渗吸采收率;渗吸速率
spontaneous imbibition;low-permeability;nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR);imbibition recovery;imbibition rate

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目“考虑污染条件下页岩气储层气—水两相渗流机理研究”(51474070)

作者(Author): 董大鹏,李斌会,苑盛旺,李江涛
DONG Dapeng,LI Binhui,YUAN Shengwang,LI Jiangtao

DOI: 10.19597/j.issn.1000-3754.202001005

参考文献(References)：

• [1]王敉邦,杨胜来,吴润桐,等.致密油藏渗吸采油影响因素及作用机理[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2018,37(6):158-163.WANG Mibang,YANG Shenglai,WU Runtong,et al.Influencing factors and mechanism of the imbibition production in tight oil reservoirs [J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2018,37(6):158-163.
• [2]祝琦,蒋官澄,杨艳明,等.润湿性改变对压裂液返排的影响[J].钻井液与完井液,2014,31(6):66-69.ZHU Qi,JIANG Guancheng,YANG Yanming,et al.Effect of wettability alteration on backflow of fracturing fluid[J].Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid,2014,31(6):66-69.
• [3]MAKHANOV K,DEHGHANPOUR H,KURU E.An experimental study of spontaneous imbibition in Horn River shales[R].SPE 162650,2012.
• [4]牛小兵,冯胜斌,尤源,等.致密储层体积压裂作用范围及裂缝分布模式:基于压裂后实际取心资料[J].石油与天然气地质,2019,40(3):669-677.NIU Xiaobing,FENG Shengbin,YOU Yuan,et al.Fracture extension and distribution pattern of volume fracturing in tight reservoir:An analysis based on actual coring data after fracturing[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2019,40(3):669-677.
• [5]于欣,张猛,贺连啟,等.清洁压裂液返排液对致密油藏自发渗吸驱油效果的影响[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2019,38(1):162-168.YU Xin,ZHANG Meng,HE Lianqi,et al.Influence of the clean fracturing flow-back fluid on the oil displaced effect of the spontaneous imbibition in dense reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2019,38(1):162-168.
• [6]任岚,邸云婷,赵金洲,等.页岩气藏压裂液返排理论与技术研究进展[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2019,38(2):144-152.REN Lan,DI Yunting,ZHAO Jinzhou,et al.Advances in the theory and technique of the fracturing fluid flowback in shale gas reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2019,38(2):144-152.
• [7]徐晖,党庆涛,秦积舜,等.裂缝性油藏水驱油渗吸理论及数学模型[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2009,33(3):99-102.XU Hui,Dang Qingtao,Qin Jishun,et al.Water flooding imbibition theory and mathematical model in fractured reservoirs [J].Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science),2009,33(3):99-102.
• [8]周万富,王鑫,卢祥国,等.致密油储层动态渗吸采油效果及其影响因素[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(3):148-155.ZHOU Wanfu,WANG Xin,LU Xiangguo,et al.Effects of the dynamic imbibition recovery and its influencing factors for the tight oil reservoirs [J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(3):148-155.
• [9]李士奎,刘卫东,张海琴,等.低渗透油藏自发渗吸驱油实验研究[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):109-112.LI Shikui,LIU Weidong,ZHANG Haiqin,et al.Experimental study of spontaneous imbibition in low-permeability reservoir [J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(2):109-122.
• [10]王家禄,刘玉章,陈茂谦,等.低渗透油藏裂缝动态渗吸机理实验研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(1):86-90.WANG Jialu,LIU Yuzhang,CHEN Maoqian,et al.Experimental study on dynamic imbibition mechanism of low permeability reservoirs[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(1):86-90.
• [11]姚同玉,李继山,王建,等.裂缝性低渗透油藏的渗吸机理及有利条件[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2009,39(4):937-940.YAO Tongyu,LI Jishan,WANG Jian,et al.Mechanisms and optimal conditions of imbibition in naturally fractured low-permeability reservoirs[J].Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition) ,2009,39(4):937-940.
• [12]周林波,程林松,曾保全.裂缝性特低渗透储层渗吸表征模型[J].石油钻探技术,2010,38(3):83-86.ZHOU Linbo,CHENG Linsong,ZENG Baoquan.Scaling model of imbibition in fractured ultra-low permeability reservoir[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2010,38(3):83-86.
• [13]蒋卫东,晏军,杨正明.火山岩气藏气水动态渗吸效率研究新方法[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2012,36(1):101-105.JIANG Weidong,YAN Jun,YANG Zhengming.A new method of researching gas-water dynamic imbibition efficiency in volcanic gas reservoir [J].Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science),2012,36(1):101-105.
• [14]董家辛,童敏,冉博,等.火山岩气藏不同储渗模式下的非线性渗流机理[J].石油勘探与开发,2013,40(3):346-351.DONG Jiaxin,TONG Min,RAN Bo,et al.Nonlinear percolation mechanisms in different storage-percolation modes in volcanic gas reservoirs [J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2013,40(3):346-351.
• [15]程晓倩,刘华勋,熊伟,等.新疆低渗透砂砾岩油藏自发渗吸实验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(26):7793-7797.CHENG Xiaoqian,LIU Huaxun,XIONG Wei,et al.Experimental research of spontaneous imbibition in low-permeability glutenite researvoir [J].Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(26):7793-7797.
• [16]许长福,刘红现,钱根宝,等.克拉玛依砾岩储集层微观水驱油机理[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(6):725-732.XU Changfu,LIU Hongxian,QIAN Genbao,et al.Microcosmic mechanisms of water-oil displacement in conglomerate reservoirs in Karamay Oilfield,NW China [J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(6):725-732.
• [17]陈权.岩石核磁共振及其在渗流力学和油田开发中的应用研究[D].武汉:中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所,2000.CHEN Quan.NMR and MRI study of reservoir rock and application to porous flow mechanics and petroleum engineering [D].Wuhan:Institute of Physics and Mathematics,Chinese Academy of Science,2000.
• [18]朱维耀,鞠岩,赵明,等.低渗透裂缝性砂岩油藏多孔介质渗吸机理研究[J].石油学报,2002,23(6):56-59.ZHU Weiyao,JU Yan,ZHAO Ming,et al.Spontaneous imbibition mechanism of flow through porous media and waterflooding in low-permeability fractured sandstone reservoir [J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(6):56-59.
• [19]PATRICK SHULER,HONGXIN T,ZAYNE L,et al.Chemical process for improved oil recovery from Bakken shale[R].SPE 147531,2011.
• [20]江敏,范洪富,张翼,等.渗吸剂体系基本性能对采收率的影响分析[J].特种油气藏,2019,26(3):138-142.JIANG Min,FAN Hongfu,ZHANG Yi,et al.Effects of basic performance of imbibition system on oil recovery[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2019,26(3):138-142.
• [21]李斌会,付兰清,董大鹏,等.松辽盆地北部致密砂岩高温高压吞吐渗吸实验[J].特种油气藏,2018,25(1):140-145.LI Binhui,FU Lanqing,DONG Dapeng,et al.High temperature-pressure huff-puff imbibition experiment in the tight sandstone reservoir of northern Songliao Basin[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2018,25(1):140-145.
• [22]GUPTA R,MOHANTY K K.Temperature effects on surfactant-aided imbibition into fractured carbonates[J].SPE Journal.2010,15(3):587-597.
• [23]CHIMIENTI M E,ILLINAO S N,NAJURIETA H L.Influence of temperature and interfacial tension on spontaneous imbibition process[R].SPE 53668,1999.
• [24]TAKAHASHI S,KOVSCEK A R.Spontaneous countercurrent imbibition and forced displacement characteristics of low-permeability,siliceous shale rocks [J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2010,71(1-2):47-55.
• [25]周德胜,李鸣,师煜涵,等.致密砂岩储层渗吸稳定时间影响因素研究[J].特种油气藏,2018,25(2):125-129.ZHOU Desheng,LI Ming ,SHI Yuhan ,et al.Sensitivity analysis of imbibition stability time in tight sandstone reservoir[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2018,25(2):125-129.
• [26]李爱芬,任晓霞,王桂娟,等.核磁共振研究致密砂岩孔隙结构的方法及应用[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,39(6):92-98.LI Aifen,REN Xiaoxia,WANG Guijuan,et al.Characterization of pore structure of low permeability reservoirs using a nuclear magnetic resonance method [J].Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science),2015,39(6):92-98.