赵忠华,王成,初海红,张芝铭,晏丰,刘浩宇
ZHAO Zhonghua,WANG Cheng,CHU Haihong,ZHANG Zhiming,YAN Feng,LIU Haoyu

• 1:中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院

摘要(Abstract)：

受实际地震采集条件、地层吸收衰减、偏移算法及计算量等因素影响，偏移后成像道集常出现分辨率低、振幅相对关系不准确等问题。为了解决上述偏移道集的不足，提出了成像域最小二乘照明补偿方法，通过对海森矩阵作“对角化”近似，建立高效对角元计算方法，大幅降低存储及计算量，同时通过引入照明子波，更准确地考虑偏移累加过程，从而直接生成叠前保幅角道集，实现真振幅成像。新方法既考虑了地震波实际传播路径对振幅值的影响，又降低了成像过程中巨大的计算量和存储，实现高效输出，从而得到高保真的角道集和地震成像。应用实例表明：新方法可有效提高叠前道集AVO（振幅随偏移距变化）特征的保幅性，目标层道集AVO特征与正演道集趋势高度一致；与以往成果相比，高保真道集频带平均展宽10 Hz以上，井震匹配相关系数从72%提升至78%。研究成果为叠前反演及储层预测提供了高保真的数据支撑。
Due to limitations in actual seismic acquisition conditions, formation absorption and attenuation, migration algorithms and computation amounts, migrated imaging gathers often suffer from low resolution and inaccurate amplitude relationships. A method is proposed with least-squares illumination compensation in image domain. Efficient computational method is established by “diagonal” approximation to Hessian matrix, significantly reduce storage and computation amounts. Meanwhile, illumination wavelets are incorporated to more accurately account for migration stacking process, directly generating pre-stack amplitude-preserved angle gathers and achieving true-amplitude imaging. This new method not only considers the influence of actual seismic wave propagation paths on amplitude values, but also mitigates the enormous computational and storage challenges in imaging process, enabling efficient output, with high signal-to-noise ratio angle gathers and seismic imaging obtained. Application shows that the new method can effectively improve amplitude variation with offset(AVO) of pre-stack gathers, with AVO characteristics of target layer gathers highly coincident with forward gathers. Compared to the previous achievement, a verage bandwidth enhancement of high fidelity gathers exceeds 10 Hz, and well-seismic correlation coefficient increases from 72% to 78%. The research provides high-fidelity data support for pre-stack inversion and reservoir prediction.

关键词(KeyWords)： 海森矩阵;对角化;最小二乘;照明补偿;角道集
Hessian matrix;diagonal;least-squares;illumination compensation;angle gather

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项“陆相页岩油规模增储上产与勘探开发技术研究”（2023ZZ15）;中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项“古龙页岩油成藏理论与关键技术研究”（2021ZZ10-014）

作者(Author): 赵忠华,王成,初海红,张芝铭,晏丰,刘浩宇
ZHAO Zhonghua,WANG Cheng,CHU Haihong,ZHANG Zhiming,YAN Feng,LIU Haoyu

DOI: 10.19597/J.ISSN.1000-3754.202504063

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