陈峥嵘,齐宇,韩磊,房茂军,王波,谢昕,孙乐,李昊,樊伟鹏
CHEN Zhengrong,QI Yu,HAN Lei,FANG Maojun,WANG Bo,XIE Xin,SUN Le,LI Hao,FAN Weipeng

• 1:中海油研究总院有限责任公司
• 2:中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

针对非均质致密储层水平井分段压裂时裂缝的扩展延伸导致不同压裂缝簇产量差异大的问题，在考虑压裂液排量、黏度和地应力特征的情况下，开展非均质致密储层真三轴水力压裂实验和数值模拟研究，分析非均质岩石水平井分段压裂多裂缝扩展规律。结果表明：非均质性强的致密储层在水平井分段压裂时会产生不均一的裂缝形态，低两向水平应力差会强化储层非均质对裂缝形态差异性的影响，压裂液黏度对非均质储层改造时裂缝的形态影响相对较小，高弹性模量区域裂缝扩展相对更充分；数值模拟则证实储层非均质性会增加应力干扰的影响程度，通过改变弹性模量、压裂液排量等压裂参数均可以实现裂缝扩展的起裂扩展调控，因此对于非均质性较强的储层而言，有必要通过限流法或者暂堵等其他工艺手段进行水平井分段压裂施工，其中限流法可以保证不同位置的裂缝可以均衡进液，实现段内裂缝的同步和充分扩展，暂堵压裂则可以实现储层的充分打碎。研究成果有助于指导不同改造思路下的水平井压裂工艺优选。
Aiming at the problem of much production difference of different fracture clusters caused by different fracture propagation and extension during horizontal well staged fracturing in heterogeneous tight reservoirs, considering the displacement and viscosity of fracturing fluid and in-situ stress characteristics, true triaxial hydraulic fracturing experiment of heterogeneous tight reservoirs and numerical simulation studies are carried out to analyze multifractures propagation laws of horizontal well staged fracturing in heterogeneous rocks. The results show that tight reservoirs with high heterogeneity generate uneven fracture geometry during horizontal well staged fracturing, and less biaxial horizontal stress difference intensifies the impact of reservoir heterogeneity on fracture geometry difference.Fracturing fluid viscosity has relatively less influence on fracture geometry during stimulating heterogeneous reservoirs, and fracture propagation is relatively more adequate in high elastic modulus area. Numerical simulation proves that reservoir heterogeneity increases influence degree of stress interference. Fracture initiation propagation can be controlled by changing fracturing parameters such as elastic modulus and fracturing fluid displacement.Therefore, for reservoirs with high heterogeneity, it is necessary to perform horizontal well staged fracturing by other techniques such as limited entry and temporary plugging, among which limited entry ensures balanced fluid inflow for fractures at different locations and achieves simultaneous and adequate propagation of fractures in each stage, while temporary plugging achieves full break of reservoirs. The research provides guidance for optimization of horizontal well fracturing techniques with different stimulation ideas.

关键词(KeyWords)： 致密储层;水平井;非均质;裂缝扩展;扩展有限元
tight reservoir;horizontal well;heterogeneous;fracture propagation;extended finite element

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中国海洋石油集团有限公司科技项目“临兴神府致密气增产改造关键技术研究与应用”（YXKY-ZL-01-2021）;“煤层气井间扰动整体压裂技术研究”（2021-YXKJ-010）

作者(Author): 陈峥嵘,齐宇,韩磊,房茂军,王波,谢昕,孙乐,李昊,樊伟鹏
CHEN Zhengrong,QI Yu,HAN Lei,FANG Maojun,WANG Bo,XIE Xin,SUN Le,LI Hao,FAN Weipeng

DOI: 10.19597/J.ISSN.1000-3754.202302019

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