宋付权,刘慈群
Song Fuquan(Institute of Seepage Flow Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences;Hebei;

• 1:中国石油天然气集团公司中国科学院渗流流体力学研究所
• 2:中国石油天然气集团公司中国科学院渗流流体力学研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

实验表明， 低渗透油藏具有启动压力梯度， 因此其渗流规律与中、高渗透油藏不同。通过对低渗透油藏中注水井排和采油井排的定压水驱进行数值模拟， 分析了低渗透油藏水驱采收率的影响因素， 包括多孔介质孔隙结构、油水相对渗透率曲线、启动压力梯度、注入速度和注采井距。分析表明， 低渗透油藏的水驱采收率受到启动压力梯度的影响， 启动压力梯度越大， 见水时间越早， 产油量和产液量越小， 阶段采出程度、无水采收率和水驱采收率越低； 而增大生产压力梯度， 可以有效地降低启动压力梯度的影响， 生产压力梯度越大， 见水时间越早， 产油量和产液量越大， 阶段采出程度、无水采收率和水驱采收率越高； 增大生产压力梯度的方法有增大注入量和减小注采井距两种， 都可以提高低渗透油田的开发效果。
Experiments show that a low permeable reservoir has a starting pressure gradient, and therefore different seepage rule from that of middle and high permeable reservoirs. This paper performs an numerical modelling on constant water flooding of water injection well arrays and production well arrays in low permeable reservoirs and analyses the factors effecting the recovery of water flooding in low permeable reservoirs, including pore structure of porous medium, oil water relative permeability curve, starting pressure gradient, injection rate and injection production well spacing. Analysis indicates that the water flooding recovery of low permeable reservoirs is effected by starting pressure gradient. The larger the production pressure gradient is, the earlier the water breakthrough is, the more oil production and fluid production is, and the higher the episode recovery percent , water free recovery and water flooding recovery are. The methods of increasing production pressure gradient are increasing injection rate and decreasing injection production well spacing, both of which can improve the development effect of low permeable oil fields.

关键词(KeyWords)： 低渗透储集层;启动压力梯度;两相渗流;采收率;水驱;数值模拟
Low permeable reservoir, Starting pressure gradient, Two phase seepage, Recovery, Water flooding, Numerical modelling

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Authors): 宋付权,刘慈群
Song Fuquan(Institute of Seepage Flow Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences;Hebei;

参考文献(References)：

• 1 , 李树宝( 译) : 异常油田开发, 石油工业出版社( 北京) , 1987 181～185。
• 2 , 闫庆来　何秋轩: 低渗透油层中单相液体渗流特征的实验研究,西安石油学院学报, 1990 (5) 2 1 ～6。
• 3 , Vairogs, J. and Hearn ,C. L.: Effect of Rock Stress on Gas ProductionFrom Lowpermeability Reservoirs, JPT, 1971 , Sept., 1161 ～1167 .
• 4 , F. Samaniego v . etal.: An Investigation of Transient Flow of ReservoirFluids Considering PressureDependent Rock and Fluid Properties, SPEJ,1977 , April, 140 ～150 .
• 5 , 陈月明: 油藏数值模拟基础, 石油大学出版社( 东营) , 1989 101～111 。
• 6 , 张盛宗　吴朝玉: 低渗透亲水油藏注水开发残余油的影响因素,SPE17824 。
• 7 , 李道品: 论低渗透油藏开发的主要矛盾和改善途径, 世界石油工业, 1998 (5) 10 44 ～48 。