霍秋立,曾花森,张晓畅,付丽,王雨生,常立朋,乔羽
HUO Qiuli,ZENG Huasen,ZHANG Xiaochang,FU Li,WANG Yusheng,CHANG Lipeng,QIAO Yu

• 1:大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院
• 2:黑龙江省致密油和泥岩油成藏研究重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

松辽盆地古龙页岩分布面积广、厚度大,有机质丰度高,是页岩油形成大规模聚集的重要物质基础。综合应用岩石热解、有机碳、有机岩石学及氩离子抛光-场发射扫描电镜等分析测试技术,对古龙页岩有机质特征、页岩油的形成与演化进行研究。结果表明,古龙页岩是全球晚白垩世缺氧事件沉积的富有机质黑色页岩,w(TOC)主要为1.81%～2.74%,平均为2.69%,含油量(S_1)主要为3.45～8.50 mg/g,最高为22.73 mg/g,平均为6.47 mg/g,有机质类型为湖相Ⅰ型,生油母质比较单一,以层状藻为主;中央坳陷区有机质成熟度多处于成熟到高成熟演化阶段,R_o主要为0.75%～1.70%。微观尺度下,层状藻呈条带状沿层发育,高成熟演化阶段,层状藻收缩形成有机页理缝,其面孔率最高可达3.78%,是页岩油重要的赋存空间。通过40口井500多个地球化学实验分析数据,建立古龙页岩油形成与演化模式,指出页岩油的形成经历中间产物沥青再到石油的过程,随着成熟度的增加,游离油逐渐增加,吸附油在R_o为1.2%时达到峰值后逐渐裂解转化成游离油,R_o为0.75%～1.6%时,游离油占总滞留油比例从20%增加到70%以上。研究成果为松辽盆地古龙页岩油的勘探与评价提供了理论与技术支撑。
Gulong shale in Songliao Basin is characterized by wide distribution, large thickness and high organic matter content, thus the important material foundation has been laid for the large-size accumulation of shale oil. Combined with the following analyzing and testing techniques: rock pyrolysis, organic carbon, organic petrology, FE-SEM with argon ion-milling and so on, the organic matter characteristics and shale oil generation mechanism were studied. The results show that Gulong shale is the black shale rich in the organic matter resulted from Late Cretaceous oceanic anoxic events(OAE), of which the w(TOC) is mainly at 1.81%～2.74% with the average of 2.69% and the oil content(S_1) is mainly between 3.45～8.50 mg/g with the average of 6.47 mg/g and the highest of 22.73 mg/g; and the organic matter is of lacustrine TypeⅠ, with organic macerals dominated by lamalginites. In the Central Depression, most organic matters are in the maturity from mature stage to high-mature stage, of which the R_o is mainly at 0.75%～1.70%.In the micro-scale, those algae are distributed along the formation in the form of stripes, and at the high-mature stage, they shrink due to hydrocarbon generation and form laminated crevices, and the plane porosity can be up to 3.78%, resulting in the important accumulation space for the shale oil. Based on 500 geochemical analysis data from 40 wells, Gulong shale oil generation and evolution modes were established,and it is shown that the shale oil is mainly generated through the median bitumen, which will be thermally cracked to hydrocarbons. With the increase of the maturity, the free oil increases gradually and the adsorbed oil peaks at 1.2% R_o, after that the adsorbed oil is thermally cracked into the free oil. From 0.75% R_o to 1.6% R_o,the percentage of the free oil with respect to the total residual hydrocarbon increases from 20% to above 70%. The study achievements can present the theoretical and technical supports for the Gulong shale oil exploration and assessment in Songliao Basin.

关键词(KeyWords)： 松辽盆地;古龙页岩;页岩油;有机质;有机页理缝;游离油;吸附油
Songliao Basin;Gulong shale;shale oil;organic matter;organic lamination fracture;free oil;adsorbed oil

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家科技重大专项“松辽盆地北部致密油资源潜力、甜点区预测与关键技术应用”(2016ZX05046-006-002)

作者(Author): 霍秋立,曾花森,张晓畅,付丽,王雨生,常立朋,乔羽
HUO Qiuli,ZENG Huasen,ZHANG Xiaochang,FU Li,WANG Yusheng,CHANG Lipeng,QIAO Yu

DOI: 10.19597/J.ISSN.1000-3754.202004078

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