苏玉亮,师颖,李蕾,陈征,郝永卯
SU Yuliang,SHI Ying,LI Lei,CHEN Zheng,HAO Yongmao

• 1:中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

深层凝析气田在世界气田开发中占有非常重要的地位，但随着生产过程中压力的不断下降，在压力到达露点压力时，会发生反凝析现象，导致气井产能下降。为了深入研究深层凝析气藏渗流规律，为后期产能优化提供参考，基于凝析油气体系在恒温条件下的反凝析渗流理论，建立了考虑凝析油污染条件下凝析气井动态优化的配产理论与方法，实现了气井合理配产由传统的静态计算转变为动态优化，并采用数值模拟方法对FS1井的合理产能进行分析。结果表明：随着压力的不断降低，凝析气藏产生凝析油的油藏范围进一步扩大，储层内渗流区会出现Ⅲ区—Ⅱ区—Ⅰ区的过渡区，将凝析气藏流体渗流划分为3个区域进行规律分析；产能优化后地层压力33.20 MPa条件下的合理生产制度为固定压力25.00 MPa生产，合理生产压差为8.20 MPa；在地层压力26.26 MPa条件下的合理生产制度为固定压力20.00 MPa生产，合理生产压差为6.26 MPa；在地层压力20.52 MPa条件下的合理生产制度为固定压力15.00 MPa生产，合理生产压差为5.52 MPa。7 a可提高储层凝析气采收率15.24百分点，提高凝析油采收率4.35百分点。研究成果可为优化深层凝析气藏气井工作制度提供参考。
Deep condensate gas fields play an important role in the development of world gas fields. However,with pressure drops to dew point pressure during production process,retrograde condensation may occur, causing productivity decrease of gas wells. In order to study flow law of deep condensate gas reservoir so as to provide reference for productivity optimization in later stage, based on theory of retrograde condensate flow of condensate oil and gas system at constant temperature, production allocation theory and method are established for condensate gas well dynamic optimization considering condensate oil contamination,realizing rational production allocation of gas well changed from traditional static calculation to dynamic optimization, and rational productivity of Well FS1 is analyzed by numerical simulation. The results show that, with continuous pressure decrease,the range where condensate forming in condensate gas reservoir expands further and Ⅲ-Ⅱ-Ⅰ transition zone occurs in reservoir flow area.Fluid flow in condensate gas reservoir is divided into 3 areas for flow law analysis. After productivity optimization, the rational production system with formation pressure of 33.20 MPa is production with constant flow pressure of 25.00 MPa and the rational production pressure difference of 8.20 MPa, the rational production system with formation pressure of 26.26 MPa is production with constant pressure of 20.00 MPa and the rational production pressure difference is 6.26 MPa, and the rational production system with formation pressure of 20.52 MPa is production with constant pressure of 15.00 MPa and the rational production pressure difference is 5.52 MPa. Condensate gas recovery factor is increased by 15.24 percentage points and condensate oil recovery factor is increased by 4.35 percentage points in 7 a. The research provides reference for optimizing working system of gas wells of deep condensate gas reservoirs.

关键词(KeyWords)： 深层凝析气藏;渗流规律;数值模拟;反凝析;动态优化;气井合理产能
deep condensate gas reservoir;flow law;numerical simulation;retrograde condensation;dynamic optimization;rational gas well productivity

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中国石油天然气股份有限公司勘探开发研究院“十四五”后前瞻性重大科技项目“致密油可动用性评价及提高采收率机理研究”（2021DJ2022）

作者(Author): 苏玉亮,师颖,李蕾,陈征,郝永卯
SU Yuliang,SHI Ying,LI Lei,CHEN Zheng,HAO Yongmao

DOI: 10.19597/J.ISSN.1000-3754.202303043

参考文献(References)：

• [1]黄堃.深层凝析气藏多相渗流规律研究[D].北京：北京科技大学，2022.HUANG Kun. Study on multiphase flow mechanism of deep condensate gas reservoirs[D]. Beijing:University of Science and Technology Beijing,2022.
• [2]邱一新.致密火山岩凝析气藏生产动态特征与影响因素研究：以龙凤山气藏B213井区为例[J].非常规油气，2021,8(6):68-76.QIU Yixin. Research on production dynamic characteristics and interfering factors of tight volcanic condensate gas reservoir:Taking B213 well area of Longfengshan gas reservoir as an example[J]. Unconventional Oil&Gas,2021,8(6):68-76.
• [3]孙贺东，李世银，刘志良，等.缝洞型碳酸盐岩凝析气藏提高采收率关键技术[J].天然气工业，2023, 43(1):113-121.SUN Hedong,LI Shiyin,LIU Zhiliang,et al. EOR technologies for fractured-vuggy carbonate condensate gas reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Industry,2023,43(1):113-121.
• [4]李文亮，陈子香，成亚斌，等.深层低渗凝析气藏液相伤害机理分析[C].青岛：2021油气田勘探与开发国际会议，2021.LI Wenliang,CHEN Zixiang,CHENG Yabin,et al. Mechanism analysis of liquid phase damage for deep low permeability condensate gas reservoir[C]. Qingdao:2021 International Conference on Exploration and Development of Oil and Gas Fields,2021.
• [5]舒志国，周林，李雄，等.四川盆地东部复兴地区侏罗系自流井组东岳庙段陆相页岩凝析气藏地质特征及勘探开发前景[J].石油与天然气地质，2021,42(1):212-223.SHU Zhiguo,ZHOU Lin,LI Xiong,et al.Geological characteristics of gas condensate reservoirs and their exploration and development prospect in the Jurassic continental shale of the Dongyuemiao Member of Ziliujing Formation,Fuxing area,eastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology, 2021, 42(1):212-223.
• [6]黄磊，张雷，汪跃，等.基于裂缝特征参数的凝析气藏产能综合评价[J].石油化工应用，2021,40(3):89-93.HUANG Lei,ZHANG Lei,WANG Yue,et al. Comprehensive evaluation of condensate gas reservoir productivity based on fracture characteristic parameters[J]. Petrochemical Industry Applications,2021,40(3):89-93.
• [7]黄磊，孙藏军，康凯，等.基于生产动态资料的凝析气藏流体分布及潜力再认识：以渤海BZ油气田太古宇潜山为例[J].断块油气田，2022,29(1):72-77.HUANG Lei,SUN Cangjun,KANG Kai,et al. Recognition of fluid distribution and potential of condensate gas reservoir based on production performance data:A case study of Archean buried hill in BZ oil and gas field,Bohai Bay[J]. Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2022,29(1):72-77.
• [8]董平川，江同文，唐明龙.地层条件下凝析气藏的多相渗流特性[J].岩石力学与工程学报，2008,27(11):2244-2251.DONG Pingchuan, JIANG Tongwen, TANG Minglong. Relative permeability law of multiphase seepage under high temperature and pressure in a gas condensate reservoir[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(11):2244-2251.
• [9]谢军，李骞，涂汉敏，等.高含水致密凝析气藏特殊相态变化[J].石油学报，2020,41(9):1109-1116.XIE Jun,LI Qian,TU Hanmin,et al. Special phase behavior of high water-containing tight condensate gas reservoir[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2020,41(9):1109-1116.
• [10]史林祥.凝析气藏相态特征及其开发规律研究[D].北京：中国地质大学（北京），2019.SHI Linxiang. Study on phase characteristics and development law of condensate gas reservoir[D]. Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2019.
• [11]张永昌，李相方，孙政，等.凝析气藏不同开发阶段储集层油气分布特征[J].新疆石油地质，2017,38(4):446-451.ZHANG Yongchang,LI Xiangfang,SUN Zheng,et al. Oil and gas distribution in condensate gas reservoirs at different production stages[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2017,38(4):446-451.
• [12]李鹏飞，王爱方，张成林，等. CO2改善页岩凝析气藏反凝析伤害效果评价[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2023,42(6):151-158.LI Pengfei, WANG Aifang, ZHANG Chenglin, et al. Effect evaluation of CO2 injection on mitigat retrograde condensate damage of condensate gas in shale gas reservoir[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2023, 42(6):151-158.
• [13]王奥，李菊花，郑斌.多孔介质中凝析气相态特征[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2021,40(1):61-67.WANG Ao,LI Juhua,ZHENG Bin. Study on the phase behaviors of condensate gas in porous media[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2021,40(1):61-67.
• [14]冯强汉，邓宝康，杨映洲，等.致密砂岩凝析气藏反凝析伤害评价及解除方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2020,39(2):139-146.FENG Qianghan, DENG Baokang, YANG Yingzhou, et al.Evaluation and removing methods of the retrograde condensate damage for the gas condensate reservoir in the tight sandstone[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2020,39(2):139-146.
• [15]崔晓朵，廖浩奇，陈德坡，等.丰深1低渗透凝析气藏反凝析污染特征及解除措施实验[J].油气地质与采收率，2023,30(6):160-166.CUI Xiaoduo, LIAO Haoqi, CHEN Depo, et al. Experiments about retrograde condensate pollution characteristics and relief measures in Fengshen 1 condensate gas reservoir with low permeability[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2023,30(6):160-166.
• [16]李爱芬，范新昊，高占武，等.缝洞型凝析气藏衰竭开采影响因素实验[J].特种油气藏，2022,29(4):96-100.LI Aifen,FAN Xinhao,GAO Zhanwu,et al. Experiment on influencing factors of natural depletion of fractured-vuggy condensate gas reservoirs[J]. Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs, 2022,29(4):96-100.
• [17]张露，韩东，税蕾蕾，等.海上特殊凝析气藏流体相态及混相特征[J].大庆石油地质与开发，2023,42(1):150-158.ZHANG Lu,HAN Dong,SHUI Leilei, et al. Fluid phase and miscibility characteristics of offshore special condensate gas reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2023,42(1):150-158.
• [18]邓兴梁，龙威，伍轶鸣，等.凝析气藏压力衰竭过程中凝析油微观赋存形态[J].石油钻采工艺，2021,43(1):59-69.DENG Xingliang,LONG Wei,WU Yiming,et al. Study on the microscopic occurrence forms of condensate oil in the pressure depletion process of condensate gas reservoirs[J]. Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2021,43(1):59-69.
• [19]齐桂雪，李中超，刘平，等.凝析气藏气驱二维填砂物理模型实验研究[J].断块油气田，2022,29(2):164-170.QI Guixue, LI Zhongchao, LIU Ping, et al. An experimental study of two-dimensional sand filling physical model for gas flooding in condensate gas reservoir[J]. Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2022,29(2):164-170.
• [20]汪伟琦.安岳中含凝析油低渗气藏递减规律研究[D].成都：西南石油大学，2016.WANG Weiqi. Study on the decline law of condensate-bearing low permeability gas reservoirs in Anyue[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2016.
• [21]杨凯. QK深层凝析气藏气井产能评价与采收率标定[D].成都：西南石油大学，2018.YANG Kai. Productivity evaluation and recovery calibration of gas wells in QK deep gas condensate reservoirs[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2018.
• [22]李治平，郭珍珍，林娜.考虑实际界面张力的凝析气井临界携液流量计算方法[J].科技导报，2014,32(23):28-32.LI Zhiping,GUO Zhenzhen,LIN Na. Calculation method of critical flow rate in condensate gas wells considering real interfacial tension[J]. Science&Technology Review,2014,32(23):28-32.
• [23]胡煦. X火山岩凝析气藏气井产能评价研究[D].成都：西南石油大学，2016.HU Xu. Study on productivity evaluation of gas well in X-volcanic condensate gas reservoir[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2016.
• [24]蔡珺君，彭先，李隆新，等.超深层碳酸盐岩气田产能评价的扩展“一点法”[J].断块油气田，2022, 29(4):446-454.CAI Junjun, PENG Xian, LI Longxin, et al. Extended “one point method” for productivity evaluation of ultra-deep carbonate gas fields[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field, 2022, 29(4):446-454.
• [25]乐平，杨智帆，曾凡成，等.注甲醇解除凝析气藏反凝析污染数值模拟研究[J].非常规油气，2021,8(3):49-57.YUE Ping, YANG Zhifan, ZENG Fancheng, et al. Numerical simulation of retrograde condensate pollution in gas condensate reservoir by methanol injection[J]. Unconventional Oil&Gas,2021,8(3):49-57.
• [26]官伟，刘池洋，李涵，等.鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田东南区气藏凝析油产出规律[J].新疆石油地质，2022,43(1):52-58.GUAN Wei,LIU Chiyang,LI Han,et al. Production behaviors of condensate oil from gas reservoirs in southestern Sulige gas field,Ordos basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2022,43(1):52-58.
• [27]黄磊，康凯，张雷，等.凝析气藏PVT实验数据合格性的判别方法[J].断块油气田，2022,29(3):390-394.HUANG Lei, KANG Kai, ZHANG Lei, et al. Distinguishing method for conformity of PVT data for condensate gas reservoirs[J]. Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2022,29(3):390-394.