曾花森,霍秋立,张晓畅,范庆华,王雨生,逯瑞敬,庞龙
ZENG Huasen,HUO Qiuli,ZHANG Xiaochang,FAN Qinghua,WANG Yusheng,LU Ruijing,PANG Long

• 1:中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院
• 2:黑龙江省陆相页岩油重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

页岩油赋存状态对评价页岩油的可动性具有重要意义，针对不同演化阶段古龙页岩油赋存状态不清楚的问题，选取不同成熟度的页岩样品，综合应用岩石热解、氯仿抽提、热解气相色谱等地球化学分析技术，研究了古龙页岩干酪根生烃演化规律，结合页岩油组成特征分析，探讨了岩石和干酪根中游离态与吸附态页岩油的分布及演化规律。结果表明：当R_o=0.8%～1.2%时，古龙页岩干酪根处于生烃的主要窗口，R_o=1.0%左右处于生烃高峰期；页岩油形成早期，非烃、沥青质等重质组分含量高，进入生烃高峰后，重烃组分随R_o增大呈快速降低的趋势，饱和烃等轻质组分含量则呈现持续增加的趋势。干酪根生烃及产物组分演化特征决定了页岩油赋存状态的演化具有阶段性，可划分为3个阶段：(1)早期形成阶段，R_o<1.0%，页岩油以吸附态为主，主要赋存于干酪根内，岩石矿物中的吸附油不断增加；(2)吸附油大量形成阶段，R_o=1.0%～1.2%，页岩油主要以吸附态赋存于岩石矿物中，游离油主要赋存于干酪根中，但岩石矿物中游离油的相对比例呈快速上升的趋势；(3)游离油大量形成阶段，R_o>1.2%，吸附油大量裂解转化，页岩油主要以游离态赋存于岩石矿物中，在高演化阶段（R_o>1.4%）游离油开始裂解，气和轻烃比例增大，油质变轻。研究成果为古龙页岩油可动性评价提供重要的理论技术支撑。
Shale oil occurrence is important to determine oil mobility. Regarding inefficient understanding on shale oil occurrence in different evolution stages,shale core samples with different maturity are sampled for comprehensive geochemical analysis of rock pyrolysis(R_ock-Eval),chloroform extraction and pyrolysis gas chromatography(Py-GC)to study hydrocarbon generation evolution law of kerogen and to study distribution and evolution laws of free and adsorbed shale oil in rock and kerogen by combining with shale oil composition analysis. The results show that kerogen in Gulong shale is in the main oil window with R_o=0.8%～1.2% while entering into generation peak period with R_o=1.0%. Shale oil generated in early stage has high content of heavy components including resin(NSO)and asphaltene. After entering the peak generation stage,with increase of R_o,heavy components contents decrease rapidly while light components such as saturated hydrocarbon increase continuously. In response to hydrocarbon generation characteristics,shale oil occurrence is characterized by staged evolution,and is divided into 3 stages:early generation stage,R_o<1.0%,shale oil was mainly adsorbed state occurred in kerogen while adsorbed oil in rock minerals increased continuously;large amount adsorbed oil generation stage,R_o=1.0%～1.2%,shale oil mainly occurred as adsorbed state in rock minerals,and free oil mainly occurred in kerogen,while free oil in rock minerals increased rapidly;large amount free oil generation stage,R_o>1.2%,mass adsorbed oil cracked and converted to free oil,shale oil mainly occurred as free state in rock minerals. At highly evolution stage with R_o>1.4%,free oil started cracked and proportions of gas and light hydrocarbons increase,resulting in lighter shale oil. The research provides theoretical and technical support for evaluation on mobility of Gulong shale oil.

关键词(KeyWords)： 页岩油;赋存状态;游离油;吸附油;古龙页岩;松辽盆地
shale oil;occurrence;free oil;adsorbed oil;Gulong shale;Songliao Basin

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中央引导地方科技发展专项“黑龙江省致密油和泥岩油成藏研究重点实验室建设项目”（ZY20B13）

作者(Author): 曾花森,霍秋立,张晓畅,范庆华,王雨生,逯瑞敬,庞龙
ZENG Huasen,HUO Qiuli,ZHANG Xiaochang,FAN Qinghua,WANG Yusheng,LU Ruijing,PANG Long

DOI: 10.19597/J.ISSN.1000-3754.202111089

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